It is common in various quarters of philosophy to derive philosophically significant conclusions from theories of reference. In this paper, we argue that philosophers should give up on such ‘arguments from reference.’ Intuitions play a central role in establishing theories of reference, and recent cross-cultural work suggests that intuitions about reference vary across cultures and between indi...

This text proposes to overcome the wide-spread error of dismissing Marx’s critique all materialism before him as being reductionist and therefore philosophically scientifically unacceptable. Instead, it attempts create a non-reductionist understanding practice in philosophy — especially by referring key contributions Althusser Bhaskar criticizing ‘materialist illusion’ early Marx thereby articu...

Problems of scientific cosmology only rarely occur in the works of Karl Popper, the famous Austrian-British philosopher. Nevertheless, it was a subject that interested him and which he occasionally commented on. What is more important, his general claim of falsifiability as a criterion that demarcates science from non-science has played a significant role in periods of the development of modern...

In this paper, we will try to outline a few major questions that the design of artificial cognitive systems should tackle. The argumentation will be led from a philosophical point of view, reviewing some of the latest epistemological positions, namely from the 20 century. The notion of the thing-in-itself, i.e. the substantial core of an object, will be central in the discussion of abstraction ...

Some people think that science is a set of facts that can be presented in plain and unadorned language. This fosters a belief that science has few stories. Actually, stories are very important in school science. In an examination of science textbooks, I have identified four different types of science stories which I call (a) heroic, (b) discovery, (c) declarative, and (d) politically correct. E...

There have been many NIME papers over the years on augmented or actuated instruments [2][10][19][22]. Many of these papers have focused on the technical description of how these instruments have been produced, or as in the case of Machover’s ‘Hyperinstruments’ [19], on producing instruments over which performers have ‘absolute control’ and emphasise ‘learnability. perfectibility and repeatabili...

The question of whether perception can be penetrated by cognition is in the limelight again. The reason this question keeps coming up is that there is so much at stake: Is it possible to have theory-neutral observation? Is it possible to study perception without recourse to expectations, context, and beliefs? What are the boundaries between perception, memory, and inference (and do they even ex...

The literary style of henry James has attracted the attention of a number of leading analytic philosophers who are drawn to make claims for the philosophical signiicance of works of literature. Many of these philosophical commentators share a common approach: namely, they locate the philosophical center of gravity of James’s style in a philosophical view that his way of writing is understood to...

The wireless power transmission (WPT) is a systematic technology improve many constraints affecting implantable devices. Many methods have been introduced over the years for WPT. In this article, based on different approaches, we discuss and analyze philosophically recent existing methodologies techniques efficient WPT in For each powering method or approach, working principle their outcomes ar...

This essay addresses a critical epistemology of mathematics as an investigation into the epistemic limitations mathematical thinking. After arguing for relevance mathematics, I discuss assumptions underlying standard arithmetic and logic examples such Looking work philosophically inte­res­ted scholars in education Alan Bishop Ole Skovsmose, some early insights mathematics. conclude that these c...