We have identified dimeric kinesin mutants that become stalled on the microtubule after one ATP turnover, unable to bind and hydrolyze ATP at their second site. We have used these mutants to determine the regulatory signal that allows ATP to bind to the forward head, such that processive movement can continue. The results show that phosphate release occurs from the rearward head before detachme...

Abstract: The human body metabolic regulatory system is very complex, containing thousands of metabolites involved in biochemical reactions. Glucose metabolism is one of the key procedures maintaining daily energy balance. Mobility of glucose is implemented by glucose transporters with different transporting characteristics locally, which are distributed in cells of brain, liver, pancreas, kidn...

We report a case of 30-year-old man presenting chorea in his legs. A brain computed tomography (CT) scan showed bilateral symmetric calcifications in the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum and subcortical white matter. Laboratory studies showed no abnormalities of serum calcium, phosphate, PTH, lactic acid, pyruvic acid and cerebrospinal fluid. Under the diagnosis of Fahr's disease (FD), we tr...

in order to study and compare the phosphate transporter gene codon usage and it's respond to the traits like salt tolerance, day length, pollination and temperature in different plants, 100 isoform from 10 plants are extracted from ncbi website and then analyzed with gene infinity and minitab 16 software. the result shows that the highest codon usage similarity (81.95%) was for wheat and oryza ...

The crystal structure of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) bound to an RNA/DNA hybrid reveals an extensive network of contacts with the phosphate backbone of the DNA strand approximately 4-9 bp downstream from the ribonuclease H (RNase H) catalytic center. Collectively designated as 'the RNase H primer grip', this motif contains a phosphate binding pocket an...

34 T he materials in anodes and cathodes within a lithium-ion battery affect voltage, capacity, and battery life. When a battery is discharging, the lithium ions move from the anode into the cathode. During the charging process, that movement is reversed. Electrolytes conduct the lithium ions and serve as a carrier between the cathode and the anode when electric currents pass through an externa...

Specific activation of amino acids by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases is essential for maintaining translational fidelity. Here, we present crystal structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (sTrpRS) in apo form and in complexes with various ligands. In each complex, there is a sulfate ion bound at the active site which mimics the alpha- or beta-phosphate group of ATP during...

Recent investigations supported the existence of 2 components of the endoplasmic reticulum participating in the process of glucose 6-phosphate hydrolysis: the glucose 6-phosphate-specific transporter that mediates the movement of the substrate from the cytoplasmic membrane surface into the lumen and the unspecific phosphohydrolase on the luminal side of the membrane [ 1,2]. However, this model ...

The protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-like phytase, PhyAsr, from Selenomonas ruminantium is a novel member of the PTP superfamily, and the only described member that hydrolyzes myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate. In addition to the unique substrate specificity of PhyAsr, the phosphate-binding loop (P-loop) has been reported to undergo a conformational change from an open (inactive) to a...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if there are any significant long-term clinical benefits, or side effects, caused by the addition of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to a professional, 16% peroxide bleaching gel. METHODOLOGY This study examined the effect of bleaching gel with added ACP in a subset of subjects (n=27) from a previously published, short-term (n=50) study, ...