Townsend and Bever (2001) and Ferreira (2003) argue that simple templates representing the most commonly used orderings of arguments within a clause (e.g., NP-V-NP = Agent-Action-Patient) are used early in sentence comprehension to derive a preliminary interpretation before a full parse is completed. Sentences which match these templates (e.g., active sentences, subject clefts) are understood q...

Every language has a finite number of words and finite number of rules but infinite number of sentences. Sentences are not formed by the words alone but by structural units known as constituents. Analysis of the sentence constituency begins at the larger units of grammar and then breaks the larger units down into smaller and smaller units. Syntax is the study of relationships between words and ...

Many studies have examined the differences between speech that is produced spontaneously as opposed to read from a prepared script. Most of these studies have focused on prosodic measures taken from clauses, sentences, or connected discourse. Furthermore, studies have shown that listeners are able to identify the context of production when presented with sentence-length utterances. The current ...

Compositional semantic aims at constructing the meaning of phrases or sentences according to the compositionality of word meanings. In this paper, we propose to synchronously learn the representations of individual words and extracted high-frequency phrases. Representations of extracted phrases are considered as gold standard for constructing more general operations to compose the representatio...

The purpose of this research is to determine the form code mixing used in WhatsApp group conversations among Indonesian students at Al-Azhar University Egypt and factors causing their conversations. This literary using qualitative approach. data obtained are analyzed sociolinguistic theories, especially code-mixing. objects consist words sentences found data, sentences, taken from named Sufara-...

This paper presents an approach to generate a precise and meaningful summary of a Document in English Language. Here, we adopt a modified Sidner’s Focusing algorithm to perform pronoun resolution. We devise an algorithm to divide any sort of compound and complex sentences into simple sentences. Anaphora resolution is performed on these simple sentences. Then we find the lexical cohesion between...

Four experiments investigated the span of advance planning for phrases and short sentences. Dutch subjects were presented with pairs of objects, which they named using noun-phrase conjunctions (e.g., the translation equivalent of ‘‘the arrow and the bag’’) or sentences (‘‘the arrow is next to the bag’’). Each display was accompanied by an auditory distractor, which was related in form or meanin...

Sentence fusion is a text-to-text (revision-like) generation task which takes related sentences as input and merges these into a single output sentence. In this paper we describe our ongoing work on developing a sentence fusion module for Dutch. We propose a generalized version of alignment which not only indicates which words and phrases should be aligned but also labels these in terms of a sm...