The fungicidal mechanism of a naturally occurring sesquiterpene dialdehyde, polygodial, was investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In an acidification assay, polygodial completely suppressed the glucose-induced decrease in external pH at 3.13 microgram/ml, the same as the fungicidal concentration. Acidification occurs primarily through the proton-pumping action of the plasma membrane ATPase,...

In this study, we show that reactive oxygen species production induced by tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in L929 cells was associated with a decrease in the steady-state mRNA levels of the mitochondrial transcript ATPase 6-8. Simultaneously, the transcript levels of two nuclear-encoded glycolytic enzymes, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and phosphofructokinase, were i...

Temperature modulates both myocardial energy requirements and production. We have previously demonstrated that myocardial protection induced by hypothermic adaptation preserves expression of genes regulating heat shock protein and the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, the adenine nucleotide translocator isoform 1 (ANT1), and the beta subunit of F1-ATPase (beta F1-ATPase). This preservatio...

A study was made of the effects of various types of detergents on the swelling of isolated mitochondria and on mitochondrial ATPases which are activated by Mg or DNP respectively. The rate of swelling was measured in the Beckman spectrophotometer by following the decrease in turbidity of dilute suspensions of these organelles. It was found that non-ionic detergents containing a nonyl phenoxy si...

In an effort to determine the subcellular localization of sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na(+), K(+)-ATPase) in the pseudobranch of the pinfish Lagodon rhomboides, this tissue was fractionated by differential centrifugation and the activities of several marker enzymes in the fractions were measured. Cytochrome c oxidase was found primarily in the mitochondrial-light m...

Previously, we showed that protein kinase B (Akt) activation increases intracellular ATP levels and decreases necrosis in renal proximal tubular cells (RPTC) injured by the nephrotoxicant S-(1, 2-dichlorovinyl)-l-cysteine (DCVC) (Shaik ZP, Fifer EK, Nowak G. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 292: F292-F303, 2007). This study examined the role of Akt in improving mitochondrial function in DCVC-injured ...

1. The synthesis of dibutylchloromethyltin chloride, a new covalent inhibitor of the mitochondrial ATP synthase [oligomycin-sensitive ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase)] complex is described, together with a method for preparing dibutylchloro[(3)H]methyltin chloride. 2. Studies with the yeast mitochondrial oligomycin-sensitive ATPase complex show that dibutylchloromethyltin chloride inhibits bot...

The transfer of Ca(2+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane is an important physiological process linked to the regulation of metabolism, signal transduction, and cell death. While the definite molecular composition of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake sites remains unknown, several proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane, that are likely to accomplish mitochondrial Ca(2+) fluxes, have been d...

Urinary acidification in the mammalian collecting tubule is similar to that in the turtle bladder, an epithelium whose H+ secretion is due to a luminal proton-translocating ATPase. We isolated a fraction from bovine renal medulla, which contains ATP-dependent proton transport. H+ transport was found to be electrogenic in that its rate was reduced by a membrane potential. H+ transport activity w...