Hypoxia within a tumor acts as a strong selective pressure that promotes angiogenesis, invasion, and metastatic spread. In this study, we used immune competent bone marrow chimeric mice and syngeneic orthotopic mammary cancer models to show that hypoxia in the primary tumor promotes premetastatic niche formation in secondary organs. Injection of mice with cell-free conditioned medium derived fr...

OBJECTIVE To study metabolic/inflammatory biomarker risk profiles in women with PCOS and PCOS offspring. DESIGN Cross-sectional comparison of serum biomarkers. SETTING University Medical Center Utrecht. PATIENTS Hyperandrogenic PCOS women (HA-PCOS, n = 34), normoandrogenic PCOS women (NA-PCOS, n = 34), non-PCOS reference population (n = 32), PCOS offspring (n = 14, age 6-8 years), and a p...

PURPOSE The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and its ligands have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers, including those arising in the thyroid gland. We therefore evaluated whether the IGF-IR could serve as a potential target for therapy of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression and activation of the IGF-IR and so...

Connexins (Cx) play a crucial role in cell communication though regulation of cell growth and proliferation. In recent decades, both suppressive and enhancing roles of gap junction proteins in malignancy have been proposed, though mechanisms remain unclear. We intend to evaluate the impact of Cx30 on dysregulated growth of glioma owing to an aberrant expression of Insulin-like growth factor-1 r...

Action mechanisms underlying various biological activities of collagen peptides (CPs) remained to be elucidated. Cytokines may play an important role in mediating these health benefits of CPs. This study aimed to systemically examine the cytokines in skin and blood regulated by CPs intake. Thirteen-month-old female Kunming mice were administered with CPs for 2 months (0 or 400 mg/kg bodyweight/...

The clinical presentation, course and treatment of methamphetamine (METH)-associated psychosis (MAP) are similar to that observed in schizophrenia (SCZ) and subsequently MAP has been hypothesized as a pharmacological and environmental model of SCZ. However, several challenges currently exist in diagnosing MAP accurately at the molecular and neurocognitive level before the MAP model can contribu...

PURPOSE To evaluate the association between multiple factors in aqueous humor and the severity of macular edema in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). METHODS We measured the aqueous humor levels of 11 factors (including vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, growth factors, and inflammatory factors) in BRVO patients with macular edema and in cataract patients as contro...

To explore how cytohesin-1 (CYTH-1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) influences the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR)-associated signal transduction in prostate cancer, we transfected human prostate cancer PC-3 cell lines with liposome-encapsulated CYTH-1 siRNA in serum-free medium and exposed the cells to 100 nM IGF-1. The mRNA and protein levels of the signal molecules involved in the I...