The primary objective of this study was to map the distribution and abundance of firetree (Myrica faya) in the state of Hawai`i. Reconnaissance data were used to map 85,912 a (34,365 ha) of infestation throughout the State. Infestations of 72,265 a (28,906 ha) occur on the island of Hawai`i, 4,770 a (1,908 ha) on Maui, 2,518 a (1,007 ha) on Lana`i, 435 a (174 ha) on O`ahu, and 5,925 a (2,370 ha...

Nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial genes (ND1, ND2, COI, and tRNAs) were determined for 38 samples representing 15 taxa of tropidurid lizards from the Galapagos Islands and mainland South America. Phylogenetically informative characters (759 of 1,956) were analyzed under Bayesian, maximum likelihood, and parsimony frameworks. This study supports the hypothesis that tropidurid lizards dispers...

Observations of terrestrial examples of lava and ice interaction have been combined with laboratory simulations to provide a framework for investigating lava and ice interaction on Mars. Identification of largeand small-scale characteristic features will indicate whether large quantities of meltwater were trapped or whether lava flow confinement occurred. These features should also enable the d...

Fast-moving lava flows during the 2014–2015 eruption of Fogo volcano in Cape Verde engulfed 75% (n = 260) of buildings within three villages in the Chã das Caldeiras area, as well as 25% of cultivable agricultural land, water storage facilities and the only road into the area. The eruption had a catastrophic impact for the closeknit communities of Chã, destroying much of their property, land an...

Although sleep intervention is within the domain of occupational therapy, few studies exist supporting practice. Effectiveness of three sleep interventions was compared: Dreampad Pillow®, iRest® meditation, and sleep hygiene. Twenty-nine participants were randomly assigned to the Dreampad Pillow® ( n = 10), iRest® meditation ( n = 9), and sleep hygiene ( n = 10) groups. In Phase 1, all particip...

OBJECTIVE To compare the analgesic benefit of preoperative skin traction with the placement of a pillow under the injured extremity in patients with hip fractures. DESIGN Prospective, randomized clinical study. SETTING University-affiliated teaching institution. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS One hundred consecutive patients with hip fractures admitted to the authors' institution who met inclu...

At least 13 times during the Pleistocene Epoch lava flowed into the inner gorge of the Grand Canyon and formed lava dams, as high as 600 m, that temporarily blocked the flow of the Colorado River. K-Ar ages on these lava dams indicate that the seven youngest formed within a short period of time between about 0.6 and 0.4 mega-annum (Ma). The physiography of the lava dam remnants within the canyo...

Lava caves are an understudied ecosystem in the subterranean world, particularly in regard to nitrogen cycling. The diversity of ammonia oxidation (amoA) and nitrogen fixation (nifH) genes in bacterial mats collected from lava cave walls on the island of Terceira (Azores, Portugal) was investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). A total of 55 samples were collected from 1...

The rate at which lava emerges from a volcano is a fundamental property of the dynamics of the eruption. Intensive field measurements can capture this. However, for many, often cloud-covered, volcanoes with long-lived eruptions, spaceborne InSAR provides a potentially useful source of information. Repeated DEM creation at intervals allows the changing thickness of the lava flow field to be meas...