ions from the overall psychology of a person. Thus, for instance, the notion of a will without an intellect, or of a language module in the absence of belief and desire, is just plain nonsense. Finally, it will not do to speak of the self ’s psychological states and processes themselves—its beliefs, intentions, experiences, and so forth—as being ‘parts,’ much less as being substantial parts, of...

muslim mystics have turned to political issues relying on both unity and plurality criteria.  they have explained the characteristics of a mystic politician emphasizing the necessity of mysticism for politicians and even the necessity of politics for mystics. taking a social viewpoint, the early sufis, paid a particular attention to this important matter in their speech and behavior, and invite...

Abstract We study consensus formation in interacting systems that evolve by multi-state majority rule and by plurality rule. In an update event, a group of G agents (with G odd), each endowed with an s-state spin variable, is specified. For majority rule, all group members adopt the local majority state; for plurality rule the group adopts the local plurality state. This update is repeated unti...

This paper describes the Gaggle, a mechanism for grouping and naming objects in an object-oriented distributed system. Using Gaggles, client objects can access distributed replicated services without regard for the number of objects that provide the service. Gaggles are not themselves a replication mechanism; instead they enable programmers to construct their own replicated distributed services...

Trembling hand (TH) equilibria were introduced by Selten in 1975. Intuitively, these are Nash equilibria that remain stable when players assume that there is a small probability that other players will choose off-equilibrium strategies. This concept is useful for equilibrium refinement, i.e., selecting the most plausible Nash equilibria when the set of all Nash equilibria can be very large, as ...

An imaging system includes an array of lenses, a plurality of sensor pixels for each lens, the sensor pixels being on an image plane of the imaging system, and a corresponding plurality of focal plane coding elements. A focal plane coding element for each sensor pixel has multiple sub-pixel resolution elements. The focal plane coding element being between the lens and each sensor pixel, wherein...

There are two fundamentally different views of the semantics of definite plural NPs. I will call them ‘Reference to a Plurality’ and ‘Plural Reference’. Reference to a Plurality is the view that definite plurals stand for a particular sort of entity, a plurality, more precisely a plurality ‘as one’. There are different formal conceptions of pluralities as ‘one’: as sums within extensional mereo...

Why are some democratic nations better governed than others? What kind of institutions promote better social outcomes? This paper outlines two normative models of democratic governance, decentralism and centralism. It then proposes an alternative model, centripetalism, which proposes that good democratic governance arises from institutions that successfully meld two goals: authority and inclusi...