Custodians of digital content take action when the material that they are responsible for is threatened by, for example, obsolescence or deterioration. At first glance, ideal preservation actions retain every aspect of the original objects with the highest level of fidelity. Achieving this goal can, however, be costly, infeasible, and sometimes even undesirable. As a result, custodians must foc...

Given a set of candidate items, Recommendation by Explanation constructs a justification for recommending each item, in the form of what we call an Explanation Chain, and then recommends those candidates that have the best explanations. By unifying recommendation and explanation, this approach enables us to find relevant recommendations with explanations that have a high degree of both fidelity...

This study employed a cluster randomized trial design to evaluate the effectiveness of a research-based intervention for improving the mathematics education of very young children. This intervention includes the Building Blocks mathematics curriculum, which is structured in research-based learning trajectories, and congruous professional development emphasizing teaching for understanding via le...

Simulink models are created to represent the control application as well as the plant being controlled. These models may represent a single control application, e.g., an electronic throttle control, or a collection of control applications that may interact with each other, e.g., cruise control and braking system. Each control application and controlled plant element may be modeled in more than ...

This paper presents a prototyping framework situated mid-way between low fidelity and high fidelity. The framework is used after requirements definition and early design but before development. The approach provides a solution to the classical trade-off between the ease of production associated with low-fidelity approaches and the realism associated with high-fidelity techniques. Within this fr...

This paper presents a provably convergent multifidelity optimization algorithm for unconstrained problems that does not require high-fidelity gradients. The method uses a radial basis function interpolation to capture the error between a high-fidelity function and a low-fidelity function. The error interpolation is added to the low-fidelity function to create a surrogate model of the high-fidel...

1. Abstract 2. Importance of retroviral genetic variation 3. Historic developments in understanding retroviral genetic variation and RT fidelity 4. Factors that influence retroviral mutation rates 4.1. Reverse transcription 4.2. Other viral proteins 4.3. Nucleotide pools, DNA repair, and mammalian DNA polymerases 4.4. RNA transcription 4.5. RNA modification 4.6. Antiviral nucleoside analogs 5. ...