A donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) type monomer (3,6-bis(2-(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene))pyridazine, EPE) with pyridazine as an intermediate unit (acceptor) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) as a sealing unit (donor) was prepared. The monomer was then polymerized by adjusting various ratios of FeCl3/monomer to prepare a donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) type conjugated polymer: poly(EPE). The result...

The processing, mechanical and chemical properties of poly(ether ester)s, prepared from pivalolactone (PVL), 1,4-butanediol (4G) and dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), were studied. The poly(ether ester)s could easily be processed by injection moulding, owing to their favourable rheological and thermal properties. The tensile response of a poly(ether ester) with a butylene terephthalate (4GT) conten...

We prove the following results: (i) PV proves NP ⊆ P/poly iff PV proves coNP ⊆ NP/O(1). (ii) If PV proves NP ⊆ P/poly then PV proves that the Polynomial Hierarchy collapses to the Boolean Hierarchy. (iii) S2 proves NP ⊆ P/poly iff S 1 2 proves coNP ⊆ NP/O(log n). (iv) If S2 proves NP ⊆ P/poly then S 1 2 proves that the Polynomial Hierarchy collapses to P[log n]. (v) If S2 proves NP ⊆ P/poly the...

We show that any randomized algorithm that runs in space S and time T and uses poly(S) random bits can be simulated using only O(S) random bits in space S and time T + poly(S). A deterministic simulation in space S follows. Of independent interest is our main technical tool: a procedure which extracts randomness from a defective random source using a small additional number of truly random bits.

The polymer class of poly(2-oxazoline)s currently is under intensive investigation due to the versatile properties that can be tailor-made by the variation and manipulation of the functional groups they bear. In particular their utilization in the biomedic(in)al field is the subject of numerous studies. Given the mechanism of the cationic ring-opening polymerization, a plethora of synthetic str...

The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial characteristics and antibacterial mechanisms of 3-poly-lysine against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The diameters of inhibition zones of E. coli (10 0.5 mm) and S. aureus (12 0.1 mm) treated by 200 mg/ml 3-poly-lysine were much larger than control (5 0.3 mm) (p < 0.05). Minimum inhibition concentration of 3-poly-lysine aga...