Heat exchangers: types .................................................................................................................................. 1 Plate heat exchangers ................................................................................................................................ 4 Shell-and-tube heat exchangers ............................................................

The SLC9A1 gene, the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 is the principal plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger of mammalian cells and functions by exchanging one intracellular proton for one extracellular sodium. The human protein is 815 amino acids in length. Five hundred N-terminal amino acids make up the transport domain of the protein and are believed to form 12 transmembrane segments. Recently, a genet...

1. The anatomy of the counter-current heat exchanger of skipjack tuna is described and the pattern of blood flow is analysed. 2. The pattern of blood flow is from the dorsal aorta, through the exchanger to segmental arteries to the tissues, from the tissues to segmental veins and back through the exchanger to the post-cardinal vein. 3. The vessels in the exchanger are about the same size as sys...

One of the most costly problems in the maintenance of heat exchangers is de-fouling, which results in a waste of time and money. The present study includes two parts: the first section addresses fouling factor, its disadvantages, and circumstance of formation, fouling types, and general models of the fouling. In the second part, the problem of fouling in oil exchanger and particular type of fou...

Foundation Heat Exchangers (FHX) are a novel form of ground heat exchanger for residential applications and, by virtue of lower costs, could increase the uptake of efficient heat pump technology. This work has aimed to develop a new efficient model of such heat exchangers for system simulation. The recently developed Dynamic Thermal Network approach has been applied to formulate a model of the ...

Heat exchangers: types .................................................................................................................................. 1 Plate heat exchangers ................................................................................................................................ 4 Shell-and-tube heat exchangers ............................................................

The paper presents the idea of replacing fuzzy controllers with interpolative ones in complicated control structures, in order to reduce the complexity of the structure, visible in implementation method and calculus time. There are presented main theoretical and procedural aspects related to design and implementation of interpolative controllers. As a study case an interpolative control structu...

The design, fabrication, testing and analysis of a microchannel heat exchanger, a key component for a microminiature Joule-Thomson Cryogenic Refrigerator is described. Results show that the heat exchanger can be fabricated efficiently and economically with the existing manufacturing technology. The heat exchanger was tested to be mechanically robust and durable under high pressure operating con...

If an air flow is injected into a liquid fluid, many ambulant air bubbles are formed inside the fluid. Air bubbles move inside the liquid fluid because of the buoyancy force, and the mobility of these air bubbles makes sizable commixture and turbulence inside the fluid. This mechanism was employed to enhance the heat transfer rate of a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger in this paper. Howeve...