In synaesthesia, ordinary stimuli elicit extraordinary experiences. When grapheme-color synaesthetes view black text, each grapheme elicits a photism-a highly specific experience of color. Importantly, some synaesthetes (projectors) report experiencing their photisms in external space, whereas other synaesthetes (associators) report experiencing their photisms "in the mind's eye." We showed tha...

We are delighted to presenta collection of 17 research/review articles on grapheme and grapheme analogs covering manydifferent aspects. This special issue ist he fifth in series on graphene, reflecting the continued excitement in grapheme science and more recently, in other 2D materials like MoS2 and BN. Ever since the discovery of graphene, Raman spectroscopy has played a crucial role in non-d...

This paper describes a speech segmentation tool allowing alternative word pronunciations within a WFST framework. Two approaches to word pronunciation graph generation were developed and evaluated. The first approach is grapheme-based where each grapheme is converted into all the phones it can give rise to, in the form of a WFST. Word graphs are obtained by concatenating all grapheme WFSTs. In ...

We show that the neurological condition of synaesthesia--which causes fundamental differences in perception and cognition throughout a lifetime--is significantly represented within the childhood population, and that it manifests behavioural markers as young as age 6 years. Synaesthesia gives rise to a merging of cognitive and/or sensory functions (e.g. in grapheme-colour synaesthesia, reading l...

Two online research tools are presented in this paper: PermA, a general-purpose string aligner which can for example be used for grapheme-to-phoneme and phonemeto-phoneme alignment, and Balloon, a text processing toolkit for German and English providing components for part-of-speech tagging, morphological analyses, and grapheme-to-phoneme conversion including syllabification and word-stress ass...