Coal-burning power plants have been the largest unregulated source of mercury emissions in the United States, sending 48 tons of mercury into the air annually. In 2005, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency promulgated its Clean Air Mercury Rule (CAMR), requiring coal-fired power plants to reduce their mercury emissions by approximately 20% beginning in 2010. Numerous states are already requ...

chlorination of natural water containing humic compounds, produce significant amount of disinfectant by - products. the most important of such compounds are thlvis and halo acetic acids, suspected to cause cancer in animals and human. studies showed that under usual processes of water treatment plants, thms can not be removed effectively. since chlorination is the final process of treatment, it...

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this project was to evaluate the feasibility of using heated iron oxide particles (HIOPs) in conjunction with various types of membranes to enhance natural organic matter (NOM) removal and reduce fouling of those membranes. Secondary objectives were to compare the behavior of HIOPs with that of powdered activated carbon (PAC) as additives to UF systems, and ...

Membrane clogging is a major obstacle to the successful operation of the membrane separation process. A submerged hollow fibre membrane with powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption (adsorption-membrane hybrid system) was used for the removal of organics from a synthetic wastewater representative of biologically treated sewage e.fJluent. PAC usage successfully adsorbs the majority of the orga...

carbon nanostructures are famous structures which are used in several industries such as separation, treatment, energy storage (i.e. methane and hydrogen storage), etc. a successful modeling of activated carbon preparation is very important in saving time and money. there are some attempts to achieve the appropriate theoretical modeling of activated carbon preparation but most of them were almo...

Abstract In this study, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber with high nitrogen content was activated at 800 °C sodium carbonate and heat-treated 950 to prepare (ACF), the results of nitrate ion adsorption on prepared ACF are presented. CHN elemental analysis, XPS measurement, Boehm titration were used determine surface functional groups ACF. It is discussed that total amount decreases, w...

Physico-chemical and surface characterization of activated carbon prepared from groundnut shell, an abundantly available carbonaceous solid waste from oil processing mills in India, by chemical activation were carried out. The effect of various activation conditions viz. time, temperature and ZnCl2 / char ratio on the % yield of product and adsorption efficiency in terms of iodine number was st...

Abstract The effects of different absorbent types on changes in benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP) and volatiles sesame oil during filtration processes were investigated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. BaP content was greatly reduced after powdered activated carbons (activated carbon made from peat: PP, coconut shell: PC, wood: PW) comparison to granular GC, GW). also considerably when...