Infant formulas supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) are now available in the United States; however, little is known about the factors that affect biosynthesis. Baboon neonates were assigned to one of four treatments: term, breast-fed; term, formula-fed; preterm (155 of 182 days gestation), formula-fed; and preterm, formula+DHA/ARA-fed. Standard formula had n...

Background:Jaundice is an important problem in the 1 st week of life affecting approximately 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants. It is commonly managed by phototherapy. Phototherapy may result in the development of hypocalcemia & create serious complications including seizures & other condition. Objective:To study the effect of phototherapy on serum calcium is neonatal hyperbilirubiniea. De...

Introduction: The influence of nitric oxide (NO) on blood platelets in premature newborns remains largely unexplained. Material and methods: The expression of the activated GPIIb-IIIa complex and P-selectin were monitored by flow cytometry in whole blood platelets originating from 21 premature, 19 full-term neonates and 27 adults. Platelets were incubated with either freshly generated NO, L-arg...

background: the infection in the neonatal period is a significant cause of mortality in the preterm neonates. the transfer of the immunoglobulin from mother to fetus occurs mainly after 32 to 34 weeks of gestation. therefore, preterm neonates are relatively immune compromised. the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of intravenous immunoglobulin on mortality rates reduction in preterm n...

vitamin k is required for the hepatic production of blood coagulation factors ii, vii, ix and x. the term vitamin k refers to a variety of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone derivatives. vitamin k1 (phylloquinone) occurs in green plants, while vitamin k2 (menaquinone) is synthesized by microbial in the gut. the recommended dose of vitamin k in neonates is 1 mg intramuscularly. for infants...

BACKGROUND Neonates born between 24 + 0 and 27 + 6 gestational weeks, widely known as extremely preterm neonates, present a category characterized by increased neonatal mortality and morbidity. Main objective of the present study is to analyze the effect of various epidemiological and pregnancy-related parameters on unfavorable neonatal mortality and morbidity outcomes. METHODS A retrospectiv...

Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO(2)) are important respiratory parameters in critically ill neonates. A sensor combining a pulse oximeter with the Stow-Severinghaus electrode, required for the measurement of peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) and transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtcCO(2)), respectively, has been recen...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Preterm infants have a high risk of brain injury and neurodevelopmental impairment, often associated with WMA on conventional MR imaging. DTI can provide insight into white matter microstructure. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between WMA on conventional MR imaging and DTI parameters in specific fibers in preterm neonates at term-equivalent age. ...

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm neonates is a serious problem in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) worldwide. IVH is reported in approximately 60-70% of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates. The present study aimed to assess the association of IVH with neonatal characteristics and serum markers, such as serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level, in preterm neonates in an aca...