for a fixed positive integer , we say a ring with identity is n-generalized right principally quasi-baer, if for any principal right ideal of , the right annihilator of is generated by an idempotent. this class of rings includes the right principally quasi-baer rings and hence all prime rings. a certain n-generalized principally quasi-baer subring of the matrix ring are studied, and connections...

Consider the algebraic function $\Phi_{g,n}$ that assigns to a general $g$-dimensional abelian variety an $n$-torsion point. A question first posed by Kronecker and Klein asks: What is minimal $d$ such that, after rational change of variables, can be written as variables? Using techniques from deformation theory $p$-divisible groups finite flat group schemes, we answer this computing essential ...

The present experiments concern electron interactions with a film of short single strands of DNA covered by 3 monolayers of water, which corresponds to 5.25 water molecules per nucleotide. We report on the desorption of H{-}, O{-}, OH{-} from this target induced by 3-20 eV electrons. Below 15 eV, these anions emanate principally from a new type of dissociative core-excited transient anions form...

We report the generation of ultraviolet (253.7-nm) sub-Poisson light from Hg vapor excited by inelastic collisions with a space-charge-limited (quiet) electron beam. This first stationary sub-Poisson light source is only weakly so, with a Fano factor that is between two and three standard deviations below that for Poisson light. This is principally because of optical losses in the experimental ...

In act theory, Pseudo injective acts and their generalizations are essential. As a result, the purpose of this work is to give generalization pseudo quasi principally specifically small acts. Besides, concept was presented, which can be employed later. If each S-monomorphism from M-cyclic sub-act M\textsubscript{S} N\textsubscript{S} extended S-homomorphism N\textsubscript{S}, An S-act called p...

This paper models damage induced by monochromatized Al Ka X-rays to organic thin films using self-assembled monolayers supported on Al, Ti, Cu, and Au. An X-ray photoelectron spectrometer is used both to conduct the X-ray irradiation and to analyze the damage. In all cases these monolayers comprised a trifluoroacetimido (CF3CONH-) group bound to the substrate through an undecyl tether to either...

The development of a novel system for the generation and representation of haptic information in virtual reality is described. With this system the stiffness distribution of mechanically inhomogeneous objects can be detected and made perceivable for users at distant locations. The sensor part is based on ultrasonic elastography and the actuator part utilizes the ability of electrorheological fl...