applying two definitions of the union of if-events, p. grzegorzewski gave two generalizations of the inclusion-exclusion principle for if-events.in this paper we prove an inclusion-exclusion principle for if-states based on a method which can also be used to prove grzegorzewski's inclusion-exclusion principle for probabilities on if-events.finally, we give some applications of this principle by...

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 551 I. EQUITY METRICS: AN OVERVIEW .......................................................... 559 A. Inequality Metrics .................................................................... 560 B. Social Welfare Functions ......................................................... 566 C. Poverty...

Stone's dimensionality reduction principle has been confirmed on several occasions for independent observations. When dependence is expressed with C-mixing, a minimum distance es t imate ~n is proposed for a smooth projection pursuit regression-type function t~ C e, that is either additive or multiplicative, in the presence of or without interactions. Upper bounds on the Ll-risk and the Ll-erro...

Thorough investigation of early syntactic knowledge necessitates methodologies that tap young children's linguistic competence while minimizing extra-linguistic demands and not relying on production. The preferential looking paradigm is uniquely suited to such a task. We present here a test case for the exploration of early syntactic knowledge in young children: Principle C effects at 30 months...

A proof for the maximum modulus principle (in the unit disc) is presented. This proof is unusual in that it is based on linear algebra. The goal of this note is to provide a neat proof of the following version of the maximum modulus principle. Theorem 1 Let f be a function analytic in a neighborhood of the closed unit disc D = {z ∈ C : |z| ≤ 1}. Then max z∈D |f(z)| = max z∈∂D |f(z)|. (Here and ...

the principle of formality –free protection is an international principle in the copyright and it was stabilized in the berne convention. but this principle has not been studied in iran and evaluation of the principle is very vital because easier access to the works and fair trial. recent paper has attempted to study this principle in light of the berne convention and analyzes and interprets th...

lf as the grammatical locus of semantic interpretation in minimalism implies that lf is the only level at which any structural condition can be checked. accordingly, cross over effects provides some evidence for the existence of lf. to provide further evidence for the universality of cross over effects at lf, a comparative research between persian-english, turkish-english and persian-turkish ha...

The work argues the principle of equivalence to be a theorem and not a principle (in a sense of an axiom). It contains a detailed analysis of the concepts of normal and inertial frame of reference. The equivalence principle is proved to be valid (at every point and along every path) in any gravitational theory based on linear connections. Possible generalizations of the equivalence principle ar...

the principle of party-disposition (or what is called “le principe dispositif” in the french law) is one of the guiding principles for civil trial. according to this principle, the civil proceeding is regarded as the parties’s thing, so they can make any disposition on their proceeding, inter alia they are be able to commence and terminate it, determine the matters of fact and finally judge is ...