Tenure and promotion are integral parts of the academic environment; however, in this era of growing shortages of faculty, as the baby boomers retire and the majority of dentists choose private practice, recruitment and retention may be affected by the way institutions handle promotion and tenure. A national survey of U.S. dental schools conducted in 2007 assessed the existence of multiple empl...

BACKGROUND With the continued threat of childhood obesity, many public health intervention efforts focus on school settings. The current study sought to document administrator attitudes regarding obesity and interest in improving relevant school practices (i.e., nutrition and physical activity) in elementary schools. METHODS Mail-back surveys were used to gather data from public and private e...

BACKGROUND Millions of children travel to school every day in India, yet little is known about this journey. We examined the distribution and determinants of school travel in Hyderabad, India. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling design. School travel questionnaires were used to collect data from children aged 11-14 years, attending priva...

Background. The State of Kuwait has a growing obesity epidemic in both genders and all age groups; however, obesity rates in the young seem to be rising. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 169 Kuwaiti female adolescents attending both private and public schools spanning the six governorates in the State of Kuwait in order to explore female adolescents' self-image, body dissatisfa...

“Every Catholic Child in a Catholic School”: Historical Resistance to State Schooling, Contemporary Private Competition, and Student Achievement across Countries Nineteenth-Century Catholic doctrine strongly opposed state schooling. We show that countries with larger shares of Catholics in 1900 (but without a Catholic state religion) tend to have larger shares of privately operated schools even...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in a random group of schoolchildren aged 13 to 14 years in Brasilia, Brazil, to evaluate tendencies over 6 years and to compare prevalence rates among different socioeconomic groups. METHODS Two cross-sectional studies were undertaken 6 years apart, using the ISAAC (phases I and III) written questionnaire. Thirty-nine schools were cho...

We conducted this study to document the prevalence of obesity, overweight and underweight in the school children aged 5 to 16 years from Mysore. 5 Principal Investigators and 13 Co-Investigators trained the teachers of 139 schools (Private--111, Govt--28) to record the vital statistics of the children studying in their schools. A total of 43,152 school children (23,527 boys and 19,625 girls) we...

Background: School children are affected by various eye disorders like refractive errors, squint, Vitamin A deficiency and eye infections. Children do not complain of defective vision. Uncorrected refractive errors form the primary cause for visual impairment and blindness in India. This warrants early detection and treatment of these problems to prevent future blindness. Aims: The study was co...

BACKGROUND Lunch packs play a significant role in the nutritional status and academic performance of school children. Available data show a high prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children. AIMS The aim of this study is to document the nutritional contents of lunch packs of primary school children in Nnewi, Anambra state, Nigeria. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was co...

SINCE its initial formulation by the Supreme Court in 1941,1 the doctrine of equitable abstention has been a subject of continuing controversy.2 Its application in the field of civil rights by a sharply divided Supreme Court in 19593 raised many questions, several of which are illustrated by Griffin v. Board of Supervisors. 4 In this latest decision in twelve years of litigation aimed at the in...