Objective: Sodium benzoate (NaB), a commonly used food additive, is effective in preventing deterioration and/or spoilage of foods and drinks. While there have been reports suggesting its potential use as an adjunct schizophrenia management; lack information on effects the brain, especially when added to dry foods. This study examined NaB rodent feed neurobehavior, antioxidant status, anti-infl...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major worldwide health problem owing to its high prevalence and mortality rates. Carcinogenesis in the colon is a multistage and multifactorial process. An imbalance between free radical exposure and anti-oxidant defense systems may leads to oxidative stress and attack of macromolecules which can alter signal transduction pathways and gene expression. Consequently, ...

(CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and other industrialized societies. Older age is the major risk factor for development of CVD [1]. Emerging evidence over the past 20 years suggests that the arterial vascular endothelium plays a critical role in the development of CVD, most notably, atherosclerosis. A healthy vascular endothelium is characterized by a ...

The development of a convenient mathematical application for testing the antioxidant and prooxidant potential of standard and novel therapeutic agents is essential for the research community and food industry in order to perform more precise evaluations of products and processes. In this work, a simple non-linear dose-time tool to test the effectiveness of compounds for competitive assays is pr...

Numerous studies have demonstrated that aged black garlic (ABG) has strong anti-oxidant activity. Little is known however regarding the anti-inflammatory activity of ABG. This study was performed to identify and compare the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ABG extract (ABGE) with those of fresh raw garlic (FRG) extract (FRGE). In addition, we investigated which components are respo...

Cells generate unpaired electrons, typically via oxygen- or nitrogen-based by-products during normal cellular respiration and under stressed situations. These pro-oxidant molecules are highly unstable and may oxidize surrounding cellular macromolecules. Under normal conditions, the reactive oxygen or nitrogen species can be beneficial to cell survival and function by destroying and degrading pa...

Oxidised low density lipoprotein (LDL) may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We have therefore investigated the mechanisms underlying the antioxidant/pro-oxidant behavior of dehydroascorbate, the oxidation product of ascorbic acid, toward LDL incubated with Cu(2+) ions. By monitoring lipid peroxidation through the formation of conjugated dienes and lipid hydroperoxides, we sho...

Despite the antioxidant potential of vitamin A, recent studies reported that chronic retinol ester supplementation can also exert pro-oxidant effects and neurotoxicity in vivo and raises the mortality rates among healthy subjects. Our aim was to find evidence for a safer (i.e., less toxic) molecule with provitamin A activity. Therefore, we investigated whether chronic supplementation of healthy...

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) known as antioxidant and specific inhibitor of NF-κB was also described as pro-oxidant by inducing cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cancer. However, the mechanism by which PDTC indices its pro-oxidant effect is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of PDTC on the human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene transcrip...