Understanding speech is effortless in ideal situations, and although adverse conditions, such as caused by hearing impairment, often render it an effortful task, they do not necessarily suspend speech comprehension. A prime example of this is speech perception by cochlear implant users, whose hearing prostheses transmit speech as a significantly degraded signal. It is yet unknown how mechanisms...

(tf) and inverse document frequency (idf) values, plotted as pennant diagrams, and interpreted according to Sper-ber and Wilson's relevance theory (RT), the results evoke major variables of information science (IS). These include topicality, in the sense of intercohesion and in-tercoherence among texts; cognitive effects of texts in response to people's questions; people's levels of expertise a...

In this study, we explored the linguistic consolidation processes associated with bilingual processing using an experimental paradigm novel in bilingualism research, i.e., sentence repetition. We tested 46 L1-German L2-English bilinguals immersed L2 context. Firstly, compared participants’ repetition accuracy single-language sentences and involving code-switches. Secondly, investigated cost dif...

A major concern in age-related cognitive decline is episodic memory (EM). Previous studies indicate that both resource and binding deficits contribute to EM decline. Environmental support by task manipulations encouraging stronger cognitive effort and deeper levels of processing may facilitate compensation for these two deficits. To clarify factors that can counteract age-related EM decline, we...

In everyday life, we have to decide whether it is worth exerting effort to obtain rewards. Effort can be experienced in different domains, with some tasks requiring significant cognitive demand and others being more physically effortful. The motivation to exert effort for reward is highly subjective and varies considerably across the different domains of behaviour. However, very little is known...

Online bandwidth limitations and fluctuations impose a major challenge in estimating the amount of data to transmit in a given time period. Over or under estimation of bandwidth can jeopardize the visual fidelity of the transmitted data and related multimedia data. We propose a Visual Quality Prediction (VQP) model which supports an adaptive fragmented texture transmission approach taking bandw...

When developing and aiming to achieve success in the arena of mobile commerce, user acceptance is a key aspect for consideration. This study aims to empirically examine some of the factors affecting the acceptance of m-commerce within the context of Saudi Arabia. Based on the revised UTAUT model, the revised model include two particular construct : costs and trust to enhance our understanding o...