The mechanisms for increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in obesity remain unclear. The renin-angiotensin system is implicated in the pathogenesis of both adiposity and CKD. We investigated whether the angiotensin type 1 (AT(1)) receptor, composed of dominant AT(1a) and less expressed AT(1b) in wild-type (WT) mice, modulates development and progression of kidney injury in a high-fat di...

High saturated and trans fatty acid intake, the typical dietary pattern of Western populations, favors a proinflammatory status that contributes to generating insulin resistance (IR). We examined whether the consumption of these fatty acids was associated with IR and inflammatory markers. In this cross-sectional study, 127 non-diabetic individuals were allocated to a group without IR and 56 to ...

High plasma levels of homocysteine, termed hyperhomocysteinemia, are a risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia, which is the second leading cause of dementia. While hyperhomocysteinemia induces microhemorrhages and cognitive decline in mice, the specific effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on each cell type remains unknown. We took separate cultures of astrocytes, microglia, endot...

Macrophages (MPs) exert either beneficial or deleterious effects on tissue repair, depending on their activation/polarization state. They are crucial for adult skeletal muscle repair, notably by acting on myogenic precursor cells. However, these interactions have not been fully characterized. Here, we explored both in vitro and in vivo, in human, the interactions of differentially activated MPs...

INTRODUCTION Posttraumatic psychopathology (PTP) describes the spectrum of conditions that can complicate the recovery from commonly occurring musculoskeletal trauma. There is a clear association with the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA), and we wished to examine the predictive value of proinflammatory markers of the HPAA and of the GABA, which acts as an inhibitory ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of papaverine (PAP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation and its possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS BV2 microglial cells were first pretreated with PAP (0, 0.4, 2, 10, and 50 μg/mL) and then received LPS stimulation. Transcription and production of proinflammatory factors (IL1β, TNFα, iNOS, and COX-2) were used to evaluate micr...

tion of inflammatory markers with antimicrobial therapy is a good predictor of favorable late outcome [3, 4] . In addition, one of the determinants of an adverse outcome in IE is the presence of systemic embolization, particularly cerebral embolization. IE vegetations consist of bacteria, platelets and inflammatory cells in a fibrin mesh. Thus, the results of the current study should be combine...

BACKGROUND Sleep disturbance is associated with activation of systemic and cellular inflammation, as well as proinflammatory transcriptional profiles in circulating leukocytes. Whether treatments that target insomnia-related complaints might reverse these markers of inflammation in older adults with insomnia is not known. METHODS In this randomized trial, 123 older adults with insomnia were r...