In this study, we report the development of a new dual reporter vector system for the analysis of promoter activity. This system employs green fluorescence emitting protein, EGFP, as a reporter, and uses red fluorescence emitting protein, DsRed, as a transfection control in a single vector. The expression of those two proteins can be readily detected via flow cytometry in a single analysis, wit...

BACKGROUND The human IGF2-P4 and IGF2-P3 promoters are highly active in a variety of human cancers, while existing at a nearly undetectable level in the surrounding normal tissue. Thus, a double promoter DTA-expressing vector was created, carrying on a single construct two separate genes expressing the diphtheria toxin a-fragment (DTA), from two different regulatory sequences, selected from the...

background: leishmania major lmsti1 is a conserved protein among different species of leishmania, and expressed in both amastigote and promastigote forms of l. major life cycle. it has previously been expressed in bacterial systems. m aterials and methods: to express lmsti1 in the methylotrophic yeast         pichia pastoris ( p. pastoris ), the shuttle vector ppicza containing gene lmsti1 was ...

We examined whether herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene expression driven by the promoter of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene that is activated by hypoxia is effective in killing highly metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma A11 cells under hypoxic conditions. We isolated the promoter region encompassing the hypoxia response element (HRE) of the mouse VEGF gene. To as...

We examined whether herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVTK) gene expression driven by the promoter of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene that is activated by hypoxia is effective in killing highly metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma A11 cells under hypoxic conditions. We isolated the promoter region encompassing the hypoxia response element (HRE) of the mouse VEGF gene. To ass...

The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has been widely used to produce a large number of recombinant proteins, and is becoming one of the most powerful, robust, and cost-effective systems for the production of eukaryotic proteins. Nevertheless, as in any other protein expression system, it is important to improve the production capabilities of this vector. The orf46 viral gene was iden...

to evaluate the role of wild promoter of l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase (phedh) gene, referred to as pdh, from bacillus sphaericus in expression, cloning of pdh gene in bacillus subtilis was performed. the whole pdh gene was cloned in phy300plk shuttle vector and amplified, construct (phydh) then transformed in b. subtilis isw1214 and e. coli jm109. the pdh endogenous promoter presented no effec...

the biosynthetic pathways of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids consist of many steps controlled by various enzymes. one of the methods for improving oil quality is to change the fatty acid profile through genetic manipulation which requires isolation and characterization of the genes and other cis-acting elements, such as the promoter, involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. b-ketoacyl-coa syn...

background: chitin is an abundant natural polysaccharide found in fungi, algae, and exoskeleton of insects. several bacterial species are capable of utilizing chitin as their carbon source. these bacteria produce chitinases for degradation of chitin into n-acetyl-d-glucosamine. so far, regulation of the chitinase encoding genes has been studied in different bacterial species. among bacillus spe...

In our previous study, we demonstrated that episomal vectors based on the characteristic sequence of matrix attachment regions (MARs) and containing the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter allow transgenes to be maintained episomally in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. However, the transgene expression was unstable and the number of copies was low. In this study, we focused on enhancers, various p...