introduction: the carry of heavy backpacks by school children may be associated with several potential health consequences. the aim of this study was to determine the percentage of body weight represented by school backpacks and other related factors. materials and methods: the cross-sectional study has been done in eight primary schools in yazd city in which a total of 783 students’ boys (217 ...

The present study examines the effect of conversation based on philosophical stories in the community of inquiry on the reduction of the signs of anxiety disorders in the children between 11 and 12 of Tehran. This semi-empirical study was conducted in terms of test and control groups. The participants of the study consisted of all fifth and sixth grade students of public schools of Tehran (n=50...

Scholars suggest that racial/ethnic and class disparities in school-based social capital contribute to educational inequalities. Previous studies demonstrate that social capital (relations of trust, mutual expectations, and shared values) between parents and schools supports children's development. Yet we know little about the emergence of social capital, that is, the processes through which it...

Table 1. Faculty Salaries for Fiscal Year 2003 Median % Change From Previous Survey Minimum Maximum No. of Faculty Chairperson All Schools Medical Public Medical Private Other Female Professor All Schools Medical Public Medical Private Other Female Associate Professor All Schools Medical Public Medical Private Other Female Assistant Professor All Schools Medical Public Medical Private Other Fem...

BACKGROUND The relative number of children meeting the minimal required dose of daily physical activity remains execrably low. It has been estimated that in 2015 one out of five children will be overweight. Therefore, low levels of physical activity during early childhood may compromise the current and future health and well-being of the population, and promoting physical activity in younger ch...

Pennsylvania is at the forefront of the public cyber charter schooling movement in America. As more and more students elect to transfer from traditional public schools into cyber charter schools–and their districts of origin are forced to forfeit their tuition allocations–a need for a public school alternative to cyber charter schools has emerged. Using current practices in Pennsylvania’s publi...

purpose: the initiation of anti-bullying movements in schoolsdates back to nearly three decades ago in some countries. despite the importance of such a movement and its grave implications foreducation systems, no particular program or action has been organized in our country. materials and method: the present study presents a cross-sectional descriptive survey to assess the attitudes of primary...

conclusions the persian handwriting assessment tool as a comprehensive and quickly scored tool that can help therapists identify primary school students with handwriting problems so that appropriate interventions for these students can be implemented. methods this methodological study was conducted in tehran, iran during 2015 - 2016. measurement items were selected by reviewing the past literat...

when the japanese government adopted western medicine in the late nineteenth century, it left intact the infrastructure of primary care by giving licenses to the existing practitioners and by initially setting the hurdle for entry into medical school low. public financing of hospitals was kept minimal so that almost all of their revenue came from patient charges. when social health insurance (s...

The prevalence of obesity has continued to rise at an alarming rate worldwide to such an extent that it has been described as a global epidemic. Our study aims to investigate the pattern and determinants of obesity among adolescent females in private and public schools in the Olorunda Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Using the multistage...