Introduction: Retinal vein occlusion  is a common vascular disorder disrupting vision. Two basic types of RVO are branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).  Retinal vein occlusion is a multifactor process including systemic illness and local retinal factors.RVO may be associated with atherosclerotic risk factors. We analyzed the role of 2 dimensional transthor...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to report our experiences with surgical repair in patients of all ages with persistent truncus arteriosus. METHODS From July 2004 to July 2014, 50 consecutive patients with persistent truncus arteriosus who underwent anatomical repair were included in the retrospective review. Median follow-up time was 3.4 years (range, 3 months to 10 years). RESULTS Fifty patient...

Pulmonary valvular regurgitation occasionally develops in the course of bacterial endocarditis due to erosion or perforation of the valve cusps. It also may occur in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension secondary to obstructive lesions in the left side of the heart or in the pulmonary blood vessels. In these latter circumstances, the regurgitation is thought to be due to stretching of t...

A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written, according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was: in young patients with rheumatic aortic regurgitation compared to non-rheumatics is a Ross operation associated with increased incidence of autograft failure? The pulmonary autograft with its inherent advantages of viable autologous transplant, central laminar flow, freedom from...

Disruption of pulmonary valve integrity after Tetralogy of Fallot repair often results in a cascade of hemodynamic and electrophysiological abnormalities. Here we report an uncommon case of severe pulmonary regurgitation with concomitant rheumatic mitral stenosis diagnosed 25 years after primary Tetralogy of Fallot repair. A 33-year-old man presented with symptomatic palpitation and exercise in...

Background Severe pulmonary regurgitation, progressive dilatation and dysfunction of the right ventricle are the most frequent reason of late morbidity post Fallot repair. Pulmonary valve replacement is often indicated in these patients. BioIntegral Injectable pulmonary valve (IPV) is an innovative less invasive technique, often done off cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Cardiovascular Magnetic Res...

A 90-year-old woman with two previous mitral valve replacements, presented with pulmonary edema due to mitral regurgitation from degeneration of her bioprosthetic mitral valve. A minimally invasive approach was used to replace the bioprosthetic mitral valve. During surgery, the bioprosthetic valve was noted to be too adherent to the endocardium of the left atrium, making removal of the prosthes...

giant left atria are defined as those measuring larger than 8 cm and are typically found in patients who have rheumatic mitral valve disease with severe regurgitation. enlargement of the left atrium may create compression of the surrounding structures such as the esophagus, pulmonary veins, respiratory tract, lung, inferior vena cava, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and thoracic vertebrae and lead t...

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in patients with mitral valve disease. Objective: To determine the factors associated PH among disease, and similarities differences subgroups of stenosis (MS) regurgitation (MR). Materials Methods: Patients isolated moderate to severe organic disease were prospectively enrolled. was defined echocardiographically as pulmonary artery systolic pre...