We have used the HL-60 and PLB-985 myeloid leukemia cell lines to examine the regulation of expression of the important intracellular antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), during phagocytic cell differentiation in vitro. Induction of differentiation along the monocytic pathway by phorbol ester results in an approximately twofold rise in enzyme activity and a parallel increase in ...

Asthma has been reported to be associated with a reduction in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), an important antioxidant enzyme. However, the expression of GSH-Px enzyme activity has not previously been investigated in human eosinophils, which are important inflammatory cells involved in asthma. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Southern blotting demonstrated th...

BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke exposure is an important risk factor for cardiac remodeling. Under this condition, inflammation, oxidative stress, energy metabolism abnormalities, apoptosis, and hypertrophy are present. Pentoxifylline has anti‑inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-thrombotic and anti-proliferative properties. OBJECTIVE The present study tested the hypothesis that pentoxifylline would a...

Phox homology (PX) domains are named for a 130-amino acid region of homology shared with part of two components of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (phox) complex. They are found in proteins involved in vesicular trafficking, protein sorting, and lipid modification. It was recently reported that certain PX domains specifically recognize phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns-3-P) and drive recruit...

Kinetoplastea are free living and parasitic protists with unique features among Eukaryota. Pathogenic parasites (i.e., Trypanosoma Leishmania spp.) undergo several developmental transitions essential for survival in their hosts. These require membrane cytoskeleton reorganizations that involve phosphoinositides (PIs). Phospholipids like PIs key regulators of vital functions all eukaryotes includ...

The mechanisms controlling cardiovascular responses to hypoxia are poorly understood. We studied effects of parasympathetdc blockade by atropine (Px) and sympathectomy by adrenalectomy plus 6-hydroxydopamine (Sx) in five unanesthetdzed dogs acutely exposed to hypoxic conditions (Paoi 35 mm Hg). In intact dogs during hypoxia, heart rate increased by 55 ± 10 (SEM) beats/min. After either Px or Sx...

We hypothesized that AA-2414, a novel thromboxane receptor blocker with antioxidant properties, would inhibit peroxide-induced vasoconstriction in the isolated perfused human placental cotyledon. In study 1, placental cotyledons (n = 5) were perfused serially for 20- min intervals with control KrebsRinger-bicarbonate (KRB) buffer, t-butyl hydroperoxide (Px; 100 microM), KRB buffer, and KRB buff...

Although human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), the role of viral gene expression in the progression to and maintenance of the leukemic state in vivo is unclear because of the inability of most previous studies to readily detect HTLV-I RNA in infected individuals. By using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactio...

OBJECTIVE Human T cell leukemia virus type I env-pX transgenic rats (env-pX rats) were used to investigate the pathogenesis of arthritis. METHODS Phenotype of cells infiltrated into arthritic joints in env-pX rats was analyzed using flow cytometry and cell-transfer experiments were done using env-pX and wild-type WKAH rats. RESULTS The majority of T cells infiltrated into arthritic joints i...