Hormonal control of the initial step in hepatic gluconeogenesis from pyruvate was examined following acute administration of epinephrine, glucagon, or cortisol to adult rats. After hormonal treatment of the animals, the mitochondria were isolated for the study of pyruvate metabolism. When pyruvate and bicarbonate were the only substrates provided, mitochondrial fixation of carbon dioxide and pr...

Previous studies have shown that the liver is the first organ to display signs of injury during hemorrhagic shock. We examined the mechanism by which pyruvate can prevent liver damage during hemorrhagic shock in swine anesthetized with halothane. Thirty minutes after the induction of a 240-min controlled arterial hemorrhage targeted at 40 mmHg, hypertonic sodium pyruvate (0.5 g. kg(-1). h(-1)) ...

Exposure of L929 cells to hyperthermia in the presence of 2-cyanocinnamic acid, an inhibitor of mitochondrial pyruvate transport, markedly enhanced killing at temperatures as low as 41 degrees C. The inhibitor also reduced the oxidation of both glucose and exogenous pyruvate while increasing lactate production from glucose but not from pyruvate. These results are consistent with previous observ...

The metabolism is reprogrammed in cancer cells to meet the requirement of their malignant properties. Some specific metabolites can contribute transformation different types. This study aimed determine level glucose, pyruvate, lactate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG), 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate tissues (tumor, colon, brain, liver) xenograft mode...

Pyruvate has been shown to be a metabolic inotrope in the myocardium. In millimolar concentrations, it has been shown to increase both myocardial phosphorylation potential and the cytosolic [NAD+]-to-[NADH] ratio. To determine if changes in these parameters can alter intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and hence contractile function, Ca2+ transients and cell shortening (CS) were measured...

Some of the most commonly occurring but difficult to isolate halophilic prokaryotes, Archaea as well as Bacteria, require or prefer pyruvate as carbon and energy source. The most efficient media for the enumeration and isolation of heterotrophic prokaryotes from natural environments, from freshwater to hypersaline, including the widely used R2A agar medium, contain pyruvate as a key ingredient....

The regulatory effects of alpha-ketoisovalerate on purified bovine heart pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and endogenous pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase were investigated. Incubation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex with 0.125 to 10 mM alpha-ketoisovalerate caused an initial lag in enzymatic activity, followed by a more linear but inhibited rate of NADH production. Incubation with 0.0125 or 0.05 m...

The oxidation of an optimal concentration of palmitoyl-carnitine, buffered with bovine serum albumin, by isolated rat heart mitochondria was found to give rise to an inactivation of pyruvate dehydrogenase, provided that the concentration of pyruvate present in the mitochondrial incubation was less than 250 muM. The greatest degree of inactivation was found at the lowest pyruvate concentration u...

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal cancer tumour markers are valuable in the detection of recurrence following resection or in monitoring response to chemotherapy. CEA, CA19-9, CA-50 and CA72-4 are currently available but are nonspecific and have a low sensitivity. 'Tumour M2-pyruvate kinase' was described by Eigenbrodt around 1985. In cancers the active tetrameric form of the M2 isoenzyme of pyruvate...