Reverse share tenancy, i.e., sharecropping between a poor landlord and a rich tenant, is common throughout the developing world. Yet it can only fit the canonical principal-agent model of sharecropping under specific circumstances. This paper develops and tests between three theoretical explanations for reverse share tenancy based respectively on (i) risk-aversion on the part of both the landlo...

Introducing concerns about land fertility for landlords in a Principal –Agent model of sharecropping with moral hazard, we show that the optimal contract under limited commitment reflects a trade-off between production and land quality maintenance. Using data from the Philippines, a model where the leasing out and contract choices are simultaneous is estimated and avoids the selectivity bias of...

An index of ‘deforestation pressure’ is suggested as useful for reserve planning alongside the currently used information on the species present at candidate sites. For any location, the index value is correlated with threats to habitat and thus also survival probabilities over time for members of species dependent on that habitat. Threats in the absence of reserves are key information for plan...

This paper investigates the consequences of imperfect and uneven factor market development for farm efficiency in rural China during transition. In particular, we estimate the extent to which an inverse relationship in farm productivity can be attributed to the administrative (instead of market) allocation of land, and the extent of unevenly developed non-agricultural opportunities. Using a rec...

The study sets out to assess the link between land leasing behavior and productivity differentials between male and female headed households. A non-cooperative game model with double-moral hazard allowed us to show that landlord’s tenure insecurity leads to sub-optimal level of effort on tenant’s part. The landlord’s enforcement ability is also shown to increase the optimal level of effort. The...

The paper includes: (i) a descriptive account of what has actually happened in the Baltic States in regard to agricultural sector reforms; (ii) an analysis of the institutions, policies, laws and regulations underlying the process of privatizing farming and land ownership; (iii) the interaction of these factors and their agricultural policy implications; and (iv) the influence of interest group...

Fusion genes: Ewing sarcoma: t(11;22)(q24;q12) EWS-FLI1 t(21;22)(q22;q12) EWS-ERG t(7;22)(p22;q12) EWS-ETV1 others FUS-ERG, EWS-FEV, Desmoplastic SRCT: t(11;22)(p13;q12) EWS-WT1 Extraskel myxoid chondrosarc: t(19;22)(q22;q12) EWS-TEC(CHN) Malignant mesenchymoma: t(11;22)(q24;q12) EWS-FLI1 Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: t(2;13)(q35;q14) PAX3-FKHR t(1;13)(p36;q14) PAX7-FKHR Myxoid round cell liposarc...

This paper looks at the historical evolution of the relationship between an economy's structure and the corresponding political system, starting from feudal times. We show why, in an early agricultural phase, aristocratic political systems prevail, while democracies tend to emerge with the industrial phase, while at the same time the legal system regulating the intergenerational transfers of pr...

This paper investigates the consequences of imperfect and uneven factor market development for farm efficiency in rural China. In particular, we estimate the extent to which an inverse relationship in farm productivity can be attributed to the administrative (instead of market) allocation of land, and the extent of unevenly developed non-agricultural opportunities. Using a recently collected ho...

This study analyzes the optimal allocation of the world’s land resources over the course of the next century within a dynamic forwardlooking framework, which brings together distinct strands of economic, agronomic, and biophysical literature and incorporates key drivers affecting global land-use. We show that, while some deforestation is optimal in the near term, the desirability of further def...