Apparent stabilizing selection on a quantitative trait that is not causally connected to fitness can result from the pleiotropic effects of unconditionally deleterious mutations, because as N. Barton noted, "...individuals with extreme values of the trait will tend to carry more deleterious alleles...." We use a simple model to investigate the dependence of this apparent selection on the genomi...

Question: Does nest predation influence egg colour appearance among North American and European passerine birds? Analyses of species that lay their eggs directly on the ground provide support for such a contention, but it is less obvious in shrub and canopy nesters. We hypothesized that if predators locate nests by egg colour, nest predation could select for eggs with a less conspicuous backgro...

Drosophila melanogaster, an ancestrally African species, has recently spread throughout the world, associated with human activity. The species has served as the focus of many studies investigating local adaptation relating to latitudinal variation in non-African populations, especially those from the United States and Australia. These studies have documented the existence of shared, genetically...

INTRODUCTION Clinical courses are required of all medical students and means that they must develop the key skill of self-regulation during learning. The ability to self-regulate learning strategies is affected by different factors. This study determined the views of medical students on the factors affecting self-regulated learning (SRL). METHOD This study uses a qualitative approach and the ...

BACKGROUND Smoking in pregnancy can cause substantial harm and, while many women quit, others continue to smoke throughout pregnancy. The role of partners is an important but relatively under-researched factor in relation to women's smoking in pregnancy; partner's smoking status and attitudes to smoking cessation are important influences in a pregnant women's attempt to quit. Further understand...

Organization, as a key concept for understanding the current global order, does not only exist on the international level, but increasingly manifests itself on the transnational level too. Transnational organization has many sources and appears in many forms. As a relatively recent phenomenon, transnational rule-making processes could be considered the most apparent expression of the shift from...

A comparative analysis was performed to seek large-scale patterns in the relationships between a set of fish species traits (body size, type of environment, trophic level, schooling behaviour, depth range, mean habitat temperature, geographical range, ability to enter brackish waters and capability of migration) and the diversity of their metazoan parasite assemblages among 651 Neotropical fish...

The current study aimed to examine the role of state-trait anxiety and resiliency in test anxiety. The research was conducted on a sample of 153 high students who completed questionnaire measures of state-trait anxiety (STAI-T), trait resilience (CD-RISC) and test anxiety (TA).  Pearson correlation and regression analyze were used to data analyze. Consistent with the assumption, results in...

The worker caste of polymorphic ant species consists of individuals of strikingly different morphologies. Most studies of polymorphic species have focused on intracolonial allometries and their association with division of labour and task performance of workers of different physical subcastes. However, the factors driving the evolution of these allometries are poorly understood. Here, we analys...

An adolescent’s subjective experiences of mindfulness were explored in a single case study of a 17-yearold female. Data were created by means of ‘mindfulness sessions’, unstructured interviews, creative expression, journals and field notes. The data were analysed and interpreted using a combination of typological and interpretive analysis strategies. Findings are presented within a conceptual f...