Fruit and vegetable wastes are produced in large quantities in Iran, and constitute a source of nuisance in municipal landfills. The objective of this study was to optimize the applications of anaerobic digestion for the treatment of municipal organic wastes. We studied the effect of organic loading rates on anaerobic digestion of vegetable wastes. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with wo...

a r t i c l e i n f o Economic production quantity (EPQ) is the quantity of a product that should be manufactured in a single batch so as to minimize the total cost. In classical model EPQ only applies where the demand for a product and production rate is constant over the year. But in reality these parameters vary with time in different scenarios. In this paper we have considered a production ...

Industry environment has become competitive because of product’s short life cycle. Competition reaches to extreme, when products are deteriorating which further makes demand uncertain. Generally, in deriving the solution of economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model, the authors consider the demand rate as constant quantity. But in real life, demand cannot be forecasted precisely which cause...

We analyze utility functions when they depend both on the quantity of the goods consumed by the agent and on the prices of the goods. This approach allows us to model price e¤ects on agents’ preferences (e.g. the so-called Veblen e¤ect and the Patinkin formulation). We provide su‰cient conditions to observe demand monotonicity and substitution among goods. Power utility functions are investigat...

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An economic order quantity model with a time-dependent demand, fixed cost and holding is developed. It provides quantitative insight into serious practical problem where costs are incurred even when an not placed. The effect of on the inventory examined. Previous models incorporating demand rate assume that constant for entire cycle. considered as increasing function time spent in storage. Diff...

Although beef demand improved modestly in 1999, 20 years of declining demand has plagued the beef industry. Inflation-adjusted retail beef prices were collapsing at the same time per capita consumption was declining. The result, beef demand declined precipitously from 1980 through the late 1990s. For example, Purcell’s beef demand index indicates 1998 Choice retail beef prices were 50 percent l...

It was suggested in 2004 by some researchers that it might be possible to improve production systems performance by applying the first and second laws of thermodynamics to reduce system entropy. Then these laws were used to modify the economic order quantity (EOQ) model to derive an equivalent entropic order quantity (EnOQ). Moreover the political instability or uncertainty of a country (as wel...