Conventional meteorological radars provide coverage for long ranges (often hundreds of kilometers) and support weather surveillance and hydrological monitoring applications by using high power transmitters and mechanically scanned antennas. These systems operate at wavelengths in 5–10 cm range in order to minimize attenuation due to precipitation, and this necessitates the use of physically lar...

The Cloud Profiling Radar is the key science instrument for the CloudSat Mission to acquire a global data set of vertical atmospheric cloud structure and its variability. CPR is a 94-GHz nadir-looking radar that measures the power backscattered by clouds as a function of distance from the radar. This sensor is expected to provide cloud measurements at a 500-m vertical resolution and a 1.5-km ho...

The Super-SVA algorithm has been shown effective for improving the resolution of microwave synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) In this paper we review the Super-SVA algorithm and demonstrate its application to optical imaging systems using coherent laser illumination. Examples of such imaging systems include heterodyne-array imaging, holographic laser radar, laser syntheticaperture radar, coherent p...

A beamforming array is investigated for use in a radar system that is part of a hybrid acoustic/electromagnetic technique for detecting land mines. The radar is used to measure the surface displacement of the earth due to acoustic waves in the earth. The beamforming array is used to obtain small spatial resolution for the measurement of the displacement while allowing an adequate stando distanc...

The word Radar is the acronym of Radio detection and ranging. Radar is an active instrument, which measures the echo of scattering objects, surfaces and volumes illuminated by an electromagnetic wave internally generated belonging to the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. It was born just before the second world war for detecting and ranging target for non-civilian scopes. In th...

At short wavelengths, the attenuation of the radar signal due to precipitation along its path constitutes a major source of error for radar rainfall estimation. The different techniques developed to correct for this attenuation generally assume that the radar sampling volumes are homogeneously filled by rainfall. However, rainfall is highly variable over a large range of scales, and the influen...

all-weather, dayand-night imaging capability for mapping the Earth’s surface. Through interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique, radar imagery can be used to map Earth surface characteristics and measure land surface deformation at an unprecedented precision and spatial resolution. This article introduces the basics of radar and InSAR imaging, summarizes the revolution of InSAR...

In this paper, we describe the analysis of the TerraSAR-X high-resolution spotlight mode radar data in comparison with in situ measurements, optical imagery and ALOS PALSAR L-band radar data, for the purpose of investigating surface and subsurface features associated with ancient stones at Nabta Playa, Egypt. Many of the structures observable in the field and from high-resolution satellite opti...

abstract obtaining reliable precipitation observations is important for hydrological simulations and weather forecasting. radar data can provide insight in the spatial variation of precipitation and can also detect large areas of rain and estimate rainfall rates. weather radar systems nearly always operate in s-, c- or x-band. since x-band systems require smaller antennas than those at c- or s-...

This effort continues a study of the effects of rain, over the oceans, on the signal retrieved by the SeaWinds scatterometer. It is determined that the backscatter radar cross section can be used to estimate the volumetric rain rate, averaged horizontally, across the surface resolution cells of the scatterometer. The dual polarization of the radar has a key role in developing this capability. T...