in this paper, the mean value of strain energy density criterion has been used to predict the critical fracture load in specimens with u-shaped notch under bending loads. an equation for calculation of averaged strain energy density in this zone has been presented. bending loads under mode i have been considered. two cases have been studied: 1) the control volume only includes the semicircular ...

A two-dimensional ~2-D! energy balance ~the 2D model! is reduced to a one-dimensioanl ~1-D! energy balance ~the 1D-radialspiral model! by a coordinate transformation approach. The 1D-radial-spiral model, even though 1-D, captures both radial and spiral heat conductions over a wide range of design parameters. By comparing the temperature predictions of the 1D-radial-spiral model and the 2D model...

The designation of the customary restricted three-body disturbing potential Φ as the perturbation Hamiltonian is believed to be the cause of Neptune ring arcs' radial offset between theories and observations. To identify the appropriate perturbation Hamiltonian, the energy integral in the fixed frame of a restricted three-body system, consisting of the central, primary, and test bodies, is reco...

Effects of the pathogenic fungus Melampsorella caryophyllacearum on radial growth of Abies alba Long-term damages caused by fungi on tree radial-growth and its interaction with climate have been little studied. The incidence and the severity of damage caused by the pathogenic fungus Melampsorella caryophyllacearum on Abies alba in three plots sampled in the Irati forest (Western Pyrenees, Navar...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine the respective influences of local pulse pressure and mean blood pressure on arterial remodeling in humans at 2 arterial sites: a central, predominantly elastic artery (the common carotid artery) and a peripheral muscular artery (the radial artery). METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-three healthy subjects and 124 never-treated hypertensive pati...

Dust particles charging in a stratified positive column of a low-pressure DC glow discharge was investigated theoretically. The presented model consists of (i) previously developed 1D selfconsistent model for discharge parameters on the tube axis; (ii) ambipolar approximation for radial electric potential distribution and the assumption that the electron energy distribution function in radial d...

An experimental determination of the energy correction factor for alanine/paraffin pellets in the 192Ir spectrum at varying distances from the source is presented. Alanine dosimeters were irradiated in water under full scatter conditions with a high dose rate (HDR) 192Ir source (Flexisource), using a dedicated holder. Up to six line sources (catheters) fit in a regular pattern at fixed radial d...

Tidal tails of star clusters are not homogeneous but show well defined clumps in observations as well as in numerical simulations. Recently an epicyclic theory for the formation of these clumps was presented. A quantitative analysis was still missing. We present a quantitative derivation of the angular momentum and energy distribution of escaping stars from a star cluster in the tidal field of ...

background:  the purpose of this study was to report the preoperative complaints and postoperative outcome of patients after removal of the radial head prosthesis.   methods:  this is a retrospective review of 14 adult patients (6 females and 8 males) from 2007 to 2011, who underwent radial head prosthesis removal by three surgeons. the average time between implantation and removal was 23 month...