A novel method is proposed for estimation of the mutual coupling matrix of an antenna array. The method extends previous work by incorporating an unknown phase center and the element factor (antenna radiation pattern) in the model, and treating them as nuisance parameters during the estimation of coupling. To facilitate this, a parametrization of the element factor based on a truncated Fourier ...

Possibility to detect DCC fluctuations is discussed. It is shown that interactions with quark background and dissipative effects due to interactions in the chiral field may result in damping of fluctuations. Since the magnitude of fluctuations depends strongly on the initial state and speed of chiral phase transition accurate evaluation of all modifying processes is required to predict observab...

Di Francia showed that the number of degrees of freedom in two-dimensional (2-D) monochromatic or incoherent images detected by spatial-bandwidth-limited far-field receivers is approximately equal to the product of the spatial bandwidth of the imaging system and the spatial extent of the object.1 Several researchers have noted that this limit on the information content of imaging fields may be ...

Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interactions. We review descriptions of hadronic systems motivated by QCD, analyzing the recent controversy between gluonic and bosonic degrees of freedom under the prism of the Cheshire Cat Principle. Our analysis leads to an optimal scheme to study hadronic properties. We proceed to extend this low energy descriptions to the deep inelas...

Studies of the degrees of freedom or “synergies” in musculoskeletal systems rely critically on algorithms to estimate the “dimension” of kinematic or neural data. Linear algorithms such as principal component analysis (PCA) are used almost exclusively for this purpose. However, biological systems tend to possess nonlinearities and operate at multiple spatial and temporal scales so that the set ...