Why do females of many species mate with more than one male? One of the main hypotheses suggests that female promiscuity is an insurance mechanism against the potential detrimental effects of inbreeding. Accordingly, females should preferably mate with less related males in multiple or extrapair mating. Here we analyse paternity, relatedness among mating partners, and relatedness between parent...

A method to calculate joint gene frequencies, which are the probabilities that two neutral genes taken at random from a population have certain allelic states, is developed taking into account the effects of the mating system and the mutation scheme. We assume that the mutation rates are constant in the population and that the mating system does not depend on allelic states. Under either--the c...

The human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans has traditionally been classified as a diploid, asexual organism. However, mating-competent forms of the organism were recently described that produced tetraploid mating products. In principle, the C.albicans life cycle could be completed via a sexual process, via a parasexual mechanism, or by both mechanisms. Here we describe conditions in which gro...

We report on an experiment to explore the importance of pollinator behavior and postpollination events within flowers in generating nonrandom mating in the desert perennial Lesquerella fendleri (Brassicaceae). In this experiment, we crossed four plants with each other in all combinations. We performed these crosses in three different ways, which varied the opportunity for nonrandom mating: sing...

to study the population structure of gibberella fujikuroi species complex, the causal agent of rice foot rot, samples were taken from different rice growing regions of guilan province in 2004. among fourty-one isolates recovered from different cultivars; three isolates did not produce microconidial chain. in order to study the sexual fertility and determine the mating type as well as mating pop...

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. f.sp. phaseoli (Fop), is one of the important diseases of the common bean in Iran and many of the bean growing countries. Incidence of the disease has been reported in tropical and semi-tropical regions of the world. This study was carried out to characterize genetic diversity of F. oxysporum isolates from the common bean by vegetative compati...

Assortative mating is the individuals' tendency to mate with those who are similar to them in some variables, at a higher rate than would be expected from random. This study aims to provide empirical evidence of assortative mating through the Big Five model of personality and two measures of intelligence using Spanish samples. The sample consisted of 244 Spanish couples. It was divided into two...

Haploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells find each other during conjugation by orienting their growth toward each other along pheromone gradients (chemotropism). However, when their receptors are saturated for pheromone binding, yeast cells must select a mate by executing a default pathway in which they choose a mating partner at random. We previously demonstrated that this default pathway requir...