Research on rap music has turned from a lack of attention to an alarmist examination of the genre. In the 1980s, rap music was seldom studied by scholars in the academic community (Dixon & Linz, 1997). Today rap has increasingly been considered a troubling form of musical expression related to a number of negative psychological outcomes (Barongan & Hall, 1995; Johnson, Adams, Ashburn & Reed, 19...

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze early retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) utilizing a novel imaging modality, Projection-Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (PR-OCTA). Observations Five months prior to the diagnosis of a RAP lesion, cross-sectional PR-OCTA demonstrated flow in the outer retina contiguous with the deep retinal capillary plexus (DCP) and adjace...

Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) is commonly encountered, but less commonly understood clinical entity, especially idiopathic RAP, with propensity to lead to repeated attacks and may be chronic pancreatitis if attacks continue to recur. A great number of studies have been published on acute pancreatitis, but few have focused on RAP. Analysing the results of clinical studies focusing specifica...

OBJECTIVE Approximately one in five patients with ureteropelvic junction stenosis (UPJS) also present with renal or ureteral stones. For patients with UPJS, the European Association of Urology guidelines currently recommend that robot-assisted pyeloplasty (RAP) and pyelolithotomy are performed as two separate procedures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of...

INTRODUCTION We assessed outcomes and costs of open prostatectomy (OP) versus robotic-assisted prostatectomy (RAP) at a single tertiary care university hospital. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 200 consecutive OP by 1 experienced open surgeon (MG) and 200 consecutive RAP by an experienced open surgeon (SLG), after allowing for a short learning curve of 70 cases. RESULTS The 2 groups had...

PURPOSE Drug-eluting stents (DES) in percutaneous coronary intervention are more effective in preventing in-stent restenosis compared with bare metal stents (BMS); however, DES may cause late stent thrombosis, which has limited its use. In this study, the functional properties of a newly developed DES (RAP/CS/HEP), in which rapamycin was abluminally-loaded onto a chitosan/heparin coating stent ...

RAP (Rapid Assessment Program) is a user-friendly and lightweight software implementation of a methodology for rapid, integrated policy analysis. Areas of application for RAP are virtually unlimited but have so far been mainly focussed on water resources management and scenario development in environmental engineering. Using an attractive visual interface, RAP takes its user through the steps i...

The interaction of a newly synthesized antitumor complex cis-dichloro-1,2-propylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetato ruthenium (III) (RAP) with DNA was investigated in vitro through a number of techniques including comet assay, immunoprecipitation, and immunolocalization of certain nucleolar proteins (the upstream binding factor (UBF) and fibrillarin) involved in DNA transcription, rRNA processing...

The destruction of erythrocytes is one of the most frequently observed causes of severe malarial anemia. Recently, we showed that tagging normal erythrocytes and cells of erythroid precursors with rhoptry-derived proteins can trigger their destruction. In the present study, we used rhoptry-associated protein (RAP)-1 and RAP-3 gene-disruption mutant Plasmodium falciparum parasites and showed tha...

AIM To determine a novel chemotherapeutic concept for hormone receptor-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer, a high progression form of the disease for which treatment has been difficult. A combination therapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with rapamycin (Rap) was examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The growth inhibitory effect of treatment was evaluated by an MTT assay and cellular signal/apoptot...