Background. Vascular occlusion or thrombosis was often attributed to uncontrolled platelet activation. Influence of sugarcane policosanol extract on platelet was reported but little was known of rice bran policosanol, particularly its mechanisms of actions on platelet activities. Objective. Antiplatelet mechanisms of rice bran policosanol extract (RBE) were studied using hyperlipidemic Sprague ...

The microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) is widely used for estimating relative biological effectiveness (RBE)-weighted doses for various radiotherapies because it can determine the surviving fraction of irradiated cells based on only the lineal energy distribution, and it is independent of the radiation type and ion species. However, the applicability of the method to proton therapy has not yet...

BACKGROUND The increase in relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of proton beams at the distal edge of the spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) is a well-known phenomenon that is difficult to quantify accurately in vivo. For purposes of treatment planning, disallowing the distal SOBP to fall within vulnerable tissues hampers sparing to the extent possible with proton beam therapy (PBT). We propose th...

We present an algorithm suitable for the calculation of the RBE-weighted dose for moving targets with a scanned particle beam. For verification of the algorithm, we conducted a series of cell survival measurements that were compared to the calculations. Calculation of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) with respect to tumor motion was included in the treatment planning procedure, in or...

BACKGROUND In an aging society, increasing number of older patients are diagnosed with esophageal cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of proton beam therapy for older patients with esophageal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Older patients (age: ≥ 65 years) newly diagnosed with esophageal cancer between January 2009 and June 2013 were enrolled in this ...

Background and PurposeRadiation-induced brainstem necrosis after proton therapy is a severe toxicity with potential association to uncertainties in the relative biological effectiveness (RBE). A constant RBE of 1.1 assumed clinically, but known vary linear energy transfer (LET). LET-inclusive predictive models may therefore be beneficial during treatment planning. Hence, we aimed construct desc...

We examined the induction of dicentrics in human lymphocytes irradiated in vitro with nearly monoenergetic neutrons at energies in the range of 36 keV-15.0 MeV and monochromatic X-rays in the range of 1.8 keV-40 keV. For the assessment of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) both 220 kV X-rays and Co γ-rays were used as reference radiations. To avoid potential confounding factors that wo...

The Arabidopsis petal is a simple laminar organ whose development is largely impervious to environmental effects, making it an excellent model for dissecting the regulation of cell-cycle progression and post-mitotic cell expansion that together sculpt organ form. Arabidopsis petals grow via basipetal waves of cell division, followed by a phase of cell expansion. RABBIT EARS (RBE) encodes a C2H2...

We present a task model for the real-time execution of eventdriven tasks in which no a priori characterization of the actual arrival rates of events is known; only the expected arrival rates of events is known. The model, called rate-based execution (RBE), is a generalization of Mok’s sporadic task model [14]. The RBE model is motivated naturally by distributed multimedia and digital signal pro...