We report the synthesis of a series of water-soluble anionic narrow band-gap conjugated polyelectrolytes with a varied density of the ionic functional groups. The charge density is modulated by incorporating the structural units with tetraethylene glycol (TEG) monomethyl ether side chains. These polymers are readily p-doped during dialysis in water. CPEs with TEG side chains exhibit tighter int...

An active glucoside that enhanced release of histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells was isolated from a toxic fraction of bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum, by partition column chromatography on Sephadex G-25. It was a yellowish amorphous powder on freeze-drying, readily soluble in water or ethanol, and insoluble in ether. It was hydrolysed with beta-glucosidase to release D-glucose. It was a...

Levamisole, the levo-isomer of tetramisole, is readily soluble in water and is rapidly absorbed from the gastro intestinal tract; peak blood levels are achieved after 1.5–4 h. Its plasma half-life is 16 h and it is metabolized mainly in the liver.[1,3] Usually, it is administered at a dose of 150 mg/day for 2–4 days each week but for the management of malignancies or immunodeficiencies a higher...

LUCITE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR CANADA BALSAM WHEN MOUNTING MICROSCOPE SLIDES' LUCITE2 is a crystal-clear methyl methacrylate polymere which has a refractive index nearly the same as glass and is readily soluble in dioxan. Dioxan3 has proven useful as a dehydrating agent for the preparation of sections and objects to be mounted for observation with the microscope. Thus with the Lucite in dioxan sol...

Excretion of the unchanged form of the drug is one way to terminate the action of the drug. Another way is to chemically alter it. This process is called biotransformation and is primarily for lipid-soluble drugs that cannot be eliminated unchanged by the kidney (as they readily cross the cell membranes and have considerable tubular reabsorption). In this article, we will study about various ty...

The subcellular distribution of the A and B proteins of lactose synthetase (EC 2.4.1. c) has been determined in bovine and rat mammary tissue. The A protein is mainly associated with the microsomal fraction, whereas the B protein is distributed between the microsomal and soluble fraction. The B protein is more readily dissociated from the microsomes than the A protein. Microsomes present in mil...

Four different methanotrophs expressing soluble methane monooxygenase produced 2,2,2-trichloroacetaldehyde, or chloral hydrate, a controlled substance, during the oxidation of trichloroethylene. Chloral hydrate concentrations decreased in these cultures between 1 h and 24 h of incubation. Chloral hydrate was shown to be biologically transformed to trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid by Me...

Efficient recycling of synaptic vesicles is thought to be critical for sustained information transfer at central terminals. However, the specific contribution that retrieved vesicles make to future transmission events remains unclear. Here we exploit fluorescence and time-stamped electron microscopy to track the functional and positional fate of vesicles endocytosed after readily releasable poo...

Functional presynaptic vesicles have been subdivided into readily releasable (RRP) and reserve (RP) pools. We studied recycling properties of RRP vesicles through differential retention of FM1-43 and FM2-10 and by varying the time window for FM dye uptake. Both approaches indicated that vesicles residing in the RRP underwent rapid endocytosis (tau approximately 1s), whereas newly recruited RP v...

A readily releasable pool (RRP) of synaptic vesicles has been identified at hippocampal synapses with application of hypertonic solution. RRP size correlates with important properties of synaptic function such as release probability. However, a discrepancy in RRP size has been reported depending on the method used to evoke synaptic release. This study was undertaken to determine quantitative re...