There is no standardized definition of difficult polyps. However, polyps become difficult and challenging to remove endoscopically when they are large in size, flat in nature, situated in a high-risk location and when access to them is very awkward. Recently, an SMSA (Size, Morphology, Site, Access) classification has been proposed that helps to qualify the degree of difficulty by scoring on th...

Much of human inference occurs in social situations. While in many cases people cooperate, as in teaching settings, people can misdirect others in order to protect their own interests. Shafto and Goodman (2008) formalized teaching and learning from teachers as Bayesian inference, in which learners use knowledge about the teacher’s intent to facilitate inference. This same model provides a basis...

Many real-world problems involve qualitative reasoning about space and/or time. Actually, it is an adequate tool for dealing with situations in which information is not sufficiently precise. However, despite its numerous applications, it is difficult for people from outside the field to incorporate the required reasoning techniques into their methods. In this paper, we present a general, easy-t...

introduction. the aim of medical education is to produce competent , caring physicians. self-confidence is another attribute often considered desirable for physicians. confidence is a key to developing the sense of quantity that has been long recognized as a desirable characteristics of physicians, and confidence has a subjective marker of competence, an analytic descriptive survey was carried ...