Proposing relevant perturbations to biological signaling networks is central to many problems in biology and medicine because it allows for enabling or disabling certain biological outcomes. In contrast to quantitative methods that permit fine-grained (kinetic) analysis, qualitative approaches allow for addressing large-scale networks. This is accomplished by more abstract representations such ...

Eighty-five young adults exposed to a cluster of peer suicides as adolescents completed measures of attitudes toward suicide, grief, and social support. Closeness to the peers lost to suicide was positively correlated with grief and the belief that suicide is not preventable, with grief further elevated in close individuals with high social support from friends. Overall, social support was rela...

This paper focuses on the use of two algorithms for the integration of two broad-coverage dependency-based parsing systems into ExtrAns, an answer extraction system that operates over Unix manual pages. In the process, ExtrAns uses a semantic interpreter that converts the output of the parser into flat logical forms. The semantic interpreter for the first parsing system, Link Grammar, uses a to...

We give a direct proof of the following theorem: If a goal Gσ is a logical consequence of the partial completion of an arbitrary normal logic program P , then each fair, non-floundering SLDNF-tree T for G yields an answer substitution θ which is more general than σ. If the negation G is a logical consequence of the partial completion of P , then T is finitely failed. A tree is fair, if each neg...

Rational agents base their actions on information from observation, inference, introspection, or other sources. But this information comes in different kinds, and it is usually handled by different logical mechanisms. We discuss how to integrate external 'updating information' and internal 'elucidating information' into one system of dynamic epistemic logic, by distinguishing two basic informat...

The shortcomings of traditional Information Retrieval are most evident when users require exact information rather than relevant documents. This practical need is pushing the research community towards systems that can exactly pinpoint those parts of documents that contain the information requested. Answer Extraction (AE) systems aim to satisfy this need. This paper presents one such system (Ex...

In this work, we show the possibility of inferring the answer type before solving a factoid question and leveraging the type information to improve semantic parsing. By replacing the topic entity in a question with its type, we are able to generate an abstract form of the question, whose answer corresponds to the answer type of the original question. A bidirectional LSTM model is built to train...

Both parents and peers have been validated by previous research as being important contributors to the development of religious faith. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the contributions of the transmission (e.g., parent church attendance) and transactional (e.g., discussions about faith) models of socialization, as well as explore the possibility that a third model, the transformation...

Why not just classical logic? Iliano Cervesato I was recently invited to give a presentation about the logical framework LLF. After a 40 minutes talk in which I revealed the intricacies of the underlying type theory and illustrated by means of examples the meta-representation wonders of this new language, somebody in the audience said: \This looks very complicated. Why not using, say, classical...

This paper concerns learning information by reading natural language texts. The major aim is to develop representations which are understandable by a reasoning engine and can be used to answer questions. We use abduction for mapping natural language data into concise and speci c theories underlying the textual data. Techniques for automatically generating usable data representations are discuss...