background: approximately 10-14% of the clinically acknowledged pregnancies end with spontaneous abortion at caucasian population. possible immunologic causes of recurrent miscarriages have been extensively researched. the change in the cytokines balance synthesis in favor of those synthesized by th2 cells with an increase of interleukin 6 (il6) and interleukin10 (il10) secretion is considered ...

Unsafe abortion is one of the most neglected healthcare problems in developing countries. One of the rare complications of unsafe abortion is retained foetal bone. Prevalence of disease is around 0.15% among patients undergoing diagnostic hysteroscopy. Patients have no specific symptoms. Case reports have focused on subfertility, abnormal uterine bleeding, lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal...

CONTEXT Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is related to the increased risk of miscarriage, preterm labor, and postpartum endometritis. AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between BV and the history of spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy losses. We also examined periods of gestation, including the first and second trimester miscarriages. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study...

background: antinuclear antibodies (anas) in women with recurrent miscarriage have been reported. the presence of moderate to high titers of these antibodies represents an autoimmune condition that can endanger the health of the fetus in pregnant women. objective: in this study, we evaluated the prevalence of anas in iranian women with a history of two or more unexplained abortion. materials an...

Background: Normal pregnancy is thought to be dependent on Th2 deviation, while Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) and Pre-eclampsia (PE) appear to be biased toward the Th1 immune response. It is believed that the soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) is an index of Th2 immune response or modulator of Th1/Th2 responses. Objective: The aim of this study was determination of the sCD30 level in RPL and PE pati...

The outcome of subsequent pregnancies was studied in 24 women with a history of three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions in the first trimester. Twenty one of the women agreed to forgo active treatment during the study period and three received progestogens or surgical intervention. As the outcome of their first pregnancy after recurrent abortion 18 of the 24 women delivered a liveborn i...

BACKGROUND Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with recurrent fetal loss, but the clinical relevance of antiprothrombin (aPT) antibodies remains controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of plasma concentrations of aPT antibodies (IgG, IgM, and IgA isotypes) and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) not associated with antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome. METHOD...

Recurrent miscarriage is a distressing problem that affects 1% of all women. This incidence is greater than that expected by chance alone, since 10–15% of all clinically recognised pregnancies end in a miscarriage and the theoretical risk of three consecutive pregnancy losses is 0.34%. Hence, only a proportion of women presenting with recurrent miscarriage will have a persistent underlying caus...