Dislocation and instability of the shoulder joint are rare occurrences in childhood. Traumatic, infectious, congenital, and neuromuscular causes of pediatric recurrent shoulder dislocations are reported before. Central nervous system infection in infancy may be a reason for shoulder instability during childhood. This situation, which causes a disability for children, can be treated successfully...

The clinical presentations of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-negative patients may be different from that infected with HIV. We report a case of 75-year old male with chronic lymphoid leukemia presenting with recurrent syncope, bi-frontal headache and diplopia. This case discusses the atypical presentations of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-negative patients and its importance of early diagnosis.

Recurrent meningitis occurs usually due to immunological or anatomical abnormality as well as chronic parameningeal infections. Anatomical abnormalities can be acquired or congenital and most of them are located in the head and neck region. Congenital defects include inner ear abnormalities, patent cochlear aqueduct, patent Hyrtlʼs fissure, abnormal developed facial canal and dehiscence at the ...

OBJECTS Craniopharyngeal Canal is a rare malformation of the sphenoid bone described in up to 0.42% of the asymptomatic population. It's been related to the development of the Rathke's pouch during embrionary period although some authors think it's a vestige of a former vascular channel. METHODS This report details a case of a four and a half years old child that developed recurrent meningiti...

Background Recurrent bacterial meningitis in children poses a considerable diagnostic challenge due to its multiple etiologies. Making an early diagnosis is crucial in preventing further episodes that could lead to a potentially life threatening condition, neurologic sequelae and psychological trauma due to multiple invasive investigations. Recurrent bacterial meningitis has multiple underlying...

BACKGROUND Kikuchi Fujimoto disease (KFD), or histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis, is a benign and self-limiting condition characterised by primarily affecting the cervical lymph nodes. Recurrent aseptic meningitis in association with KFD is extremely rare and remains a diagnostic challenge. CASE PRESENTATION We report a 28-year-old man who presented 7 episodes of aseptic meningitis associa...

Case 3 is a rare congenital abnormality of the inner ear which usually presents as recurrent meningitis. This abnormality is now well documented.4 It should be suspected as a cause of recurrent meningitis in a child who has a sensorineural deafness. The presence of fluid behind the tympanic membrane should make one suspicious and the diagnosis can be confirmed by tomograms of the inner ear. The...

communication between subarachnoid and per lymphatic spaces can be due to a deficiency of lamina crib rosa (stapes gusher). recognition of the condition may alter the course of treatment that can avoid perilymph gushing. a five-year-old boy presented with a history of congenital hearing loss and recurrent meningitis. the computed tomography (ct) of the temporal bone showed severe bilateral dysp...