PURPOSE To assess the level of plasma glutathione in patients with untreated primary open-angle glaucoma. METHODS Twenty-one patients with newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma and 34 age- and gender-matched control subjects were subjected to a blood analysis to detect the level of circulating glutathione in its reduced and oxidized forms. The effect of age, gender, and systemic blood p...

Gram negative pathogens are protected against toxic electrophilic compounds by glutathione-gated potassium efflux systems (Kef) that modulate cytoplasmic pH. We have elucidated the mechanism of gating through structural and functional analysis of Escherichia coli KefC. The revealed mechanism can explain how subtle chemical differences in glutathione derivatives can produce opposite effects on c...

We have previously shown chronic immune activation and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species in common variable immunodeficiency (CVI). In the present study, we examined levels of glutathione, the dominant intracellular thiol, that play an important protective role against oxidative and inflammatory stress in plasma and in monocytes and lymphocyte subsets in 20 CVI patients and in 16 h...

mammea africana sabine (guttiferae) stembark, a common plant, traditionally used to treat various diseases and ailments was evaluated for hepatoprotective potentials against paracetamol- induced liver injury in rats. the hepatoprotective effect of the stembark extract (30-90 mg/kg) was evaluated by the assay of liver function parameters: total and direct bilirubin, serum protein and albumin, to...

When the thiol-oxidizing agent diamide was added to a batch culture of Streptococcus faecalis during exponential growth, the specific activity of inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1) decreased to the level observed in the stationary phase. The effect of diamide was completely reversed by reduced glutathione. Furthermore, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione and the specific activity o...

of reduced glutathione was detected and this decrease was fo11owed by a decrease in leyels of glucose 6-phesphate. When twigs that contained depressed leyels of reduced glutathione and glucose-6-phosphate were transferred to 40C, oyercompensation for the decrease in reduced glutathione and glucose-6-phosphate occurred and the resultant surplus appeared to reflect the metabolic dysfunction in th...

The role of reduced glutathione in relation to hexose monophosphate shunt activity and peroxide detoxification has been well established in human erythrocytes. Less is known about the content of reduced glutathione in phagocytic leukocytes and the changes that occur during functional activity. We have measured the reduced sulfhydryl content of normal resting human granulocytes and of cells isol...

We have examined the role of the glutathione redox cycle as an antioxidant defense mechanism in cultured bovine and human endothelial cells by disrupting the glutathione redox cycle at several points. Endothelial glutathione reductase was selectively inhibited with 1,3-bis(chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). Cellular stores of reduced glutathione were depleted by reaction with diethylmaleate (DE...

calendula officinalis (family compositae) flowers are recognized as safe substance for food use by food and drug administration. present study was aimed to determine the modulatory effect of floral extracts of c. officinalis administrations on mean blood glucose (mbg), per cent glycosylated hemoglobin (hba1c), lipid profile [(total cholesterol (tc), triglycerides (tg), low and high density lipo...

Quercetin is a typical flavonoid with diverse biological effects, attributable to its free radical scavenging activity. Bioavailability of quercetin aglycone and its glycosides is an important factor for its antioxidant activity in vivo. A severe limitation exists and is imputable to very poor absorption of quercetin when administered orally. To overcome this limitation, development of a value ...