Bread is one of the most wasted products in distribution systems and households. To consider reusing it, presence microorganisms must be taken into account. In this study, microbial load crumb crust four kinds bread, sold two different types establishments, has been compared separately. Counts Bacillus spp, sulphite reducing bacteria, coliforms, E. coli, Salmonella lactic acid Aerobic plate cou...

Background and Objectives: With regard to the hazards of nitrite, application of natural preservatives in order to reduce the microbial load of meat and meat products is increasing. Owing to their anti-bacterial properties, red barberry and the dried residue of red grape could be suitable replacers for nitrite. Materials and Methods: Agar dilution method was employed in order to determine th...

This study explores a new item-writing framework for improving the validity of math assessment items. The authors transfer insights from Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), traditionally used in instructional design, to educational measurement. Fifteen, multiple-choice math assessment items were modified using researchbased strategies for reducing extraneous cognitive load. An experimental design with...

Attentive monitoring and regular repair of concrete cracks are necessary to avoid further durability problems. As an alternative to current maintenance methods, intrinsic repair systems which enable self-healing of cracks have been investigated. Exploiting microbial induced CaCO3 precipitation (MICP) using (protected) axenic cultures is one of the proposed methods. Yet, only a few of the sugges...

The Δ32-CCR5 deletion of the CCR5 receptor is protective toward coronary artery pathology and myocardial infarction. Maraviroc (MVC), a CCR5 antagonist, was recently introduced in the therapy of HIV infection; we evaluated whether this drug could modulate the atherosclerotic burden in aviremic PI-treated HIV-positive individuals who underwent MVC intensification. Thus, the effect of MVC on inti...

According to the loss of food due expired shelf life, there is a global concern on safety among science researchers, and microbiologists. So, any approaches contributing improved packaging most welcome. It has been demonstrated that administration essential oils, fades away unsolved obstacles conventional packaging, reducing environmental concerns compared with packaging. Along substantial prog...