Domestic US sugar production has been protected by government policy for the past 82 years, resulting in elevated domestic prices and an estimated annual (2013) $1.4 billion dollar ‘‘tax’’ on consumers. These elevated prices and the simultaneous federal support for domestic corn production have ensured a strong market for highfructose corn syrup. Americans have dramatically increased their cons...

Strategies for reducing the sugar content of beverages and foods are viewed as critical to global public health. Observational studies (Bundrick, Thearle, Venti, Krakoff,& Votruba, 2014; Dubois, Farmer, Girard,& Peterson, 2007; Liebman et al., 2003; Schulze et al., 2004; Troiano, Briefel, Carroll, & Bialostosky, 2000), intervention trials (Chen et al., 2009; Tordoff & Alleva, 1990), and systema...

Objective: The present study was carried out to compare the quality of new and 24 months old sample of Chyawanprash from the same brand. Material and Methods: Total polyphenolics, total reducing sugar, ascorbic acid, hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), and fibre content were measured in both the new and 24 months old sample of Chyawanprash. Results: Results obtained reveal the reduction in the percen...

Sugar-end defect is a tuber quality disorder and persistent problem for the French fry processing industry that causes unacceptable darkening of one end of French fries. This defect appears when environmental stress during tuber growth increases post-harvest vacuolar acid invertase activity at one end of the tuber. Reducing sugars produced by invertase form dark-colored Maillard reaction produc...

Non-enzymatic browning was tested as a means of suppressing degradation of soybean meal (SBM) by ruminal microbes in five trials with in vitro ammonia release as the response criterion. Treatments imposed on SBM included reducing sugar source (xylose, glucose, fructose and lactose), reducing sugar level (1, 3 and 5 mol/mol SBM-lysine), pH (6.5, 8.5 and 10.0), dry matter (DM) content (65, 70, 75...

There is a lack of agreement in the literature as to whetlher or not fructose occurs in the roots of the carrot. Apparenitly the reducing sugar is thought by many to be composed largely or entirely of glucose, and that little or no fructose is present. Sucrose and glucose have been reported by DIETRICH (5), RITTENHAUSEN (5), PLATENIUS (8, 9), BARNES (1), and WERNER (14). Sucrose was identified ...

Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth, recognized as the major component of plant biomass. The cellulolytic microorganisms were isolated from gut of earthworm (Eisenia foetida). Using Glycerol asparagine agar media, the organisms were identified as Actinomycetes sps.. The endoglucanase activity of the culture broth was determined during actinomycetes growth by measuring the release...

Sugarcane and agave bagasse samples were hydrolyzed with either mineral acids (HCl), commercial glucanases or a combined treatment consisting of alkaline delignification followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse yielded a higher level of reducing sugars (37.21% for depithed bagasse and 35.37% for pith bagasse), when compared to metzal or metzontete (agave pinecone ...

The aim of this research was to analyze and compare 17 honey samples, 11 organic and six non-organic Apis mellifera honey. The samples were analyzed concerning moisture, hydroxymethylfurfural, diastase index, water activity, color, total sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose, ash, viscosity, electrical conductivity, pH, acidity, and formol index. With the exception of acidity, reducing sugar and diast...

The mechanisms by which higher plants recognize and respond to sugars are largely unknown. Here, we present evidence that the first enzyme in the hexose assimilation pathway, hexokinase (HXK), acts as a sensor for plant sugar responses. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing antisense hexokinase (AtHXK) genes are sugar hyposensitive, whereas plants overexpressing AtHXK are sugar hypersensitiv...