This paper addresses virtual reference adaptive switching control whereby a datadriven supervisor aims at stabilizing an unknown time-invariant dynamic system by switching at any time in feedback with system one element from a finite family of candidate controllers. Under the only assumption of problem feasibility, viz. the controller family contains a stabilizing controller, the resulting swit...

MRAM has received a great deal of attention in recent years for its potential to become a universal memory capable of nonvolatility, infinite cycleability, fast switching speeds, high density, and low cost. However, the limitations of conventional design architectures have made MRAM difficult to realize. In this work, a new annular currentperpendicular-to-plane (CPP) giant magnetoresistive (GMR...

In this paper an efficient high step-up converter with a coupled- inductor with soft- switching operation is presented. The proposed topology includes a coupled-inductor boost converter for raising the voltage gain. Moreover, a simple auxiliary resonant circuit composed of an auxiliary switch, a clamping diode and a resonant tank (inductor, capacitor), is adopted in this paper. The coupled-indu...

This paper proposes two new soft-switching transformerless converters with high voltage conversion ratio. These proposed converters achieve soft-switching each with a single auxiliary resonant cell. The merit of these converters is reduced switching losses with lesser number of devices. The main switching devices are turned off with zero current switching (ZCS). Apart from the soft-switching fe...

In this paper, we propose a new router architecture that supports wormhole switching and circuit switching concurrently. This architecture has been designed to take advantage of temporal communication locality. This can be done by establishing a circuit between nodes that are going to communicate frequently. Messages using those circuits face no contention. By combining circuit switching, pre-e...

In this chapter we give the motivation and basic concepts of the OSI reference model, discuss its seven-layer architecture, the communication between systems using the OSI model, and finally the relationship between the OSI model and multilayer switching.

Candida albicans is the most frequent opportunistic fungal agent in human being. One of its virulence factors is phenotypic switching. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of different phenotypes of C. albicans, obtained from clinical specimens, to fluconazole (FLZ) and voriconazole (VRZ) with microdilution reference method. In this study, 281 C. albicans of six different phenotype...

the direct torque control (dtc) of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (ipmsm) offers simple structure and fast torque response. the conventional switching table-based dtc (st-dtc) presents some disadvantages like high torque and flux ripple and also variable switching frequency. this paper investigates the improved st-dtc strategies to reduce both torque and flux ripple in dtc of ipmsm...