CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (T reg) cells play a pivotal role in control of the immune response. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has been shown to be required for T reg cell activity; however, precisely how it is involved in the mechanism of suppression is poorly understood. Using the T cell transfer model of colitis, we show here that CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells that express a dominan...

Foxp3(+) regulatory T (T(reg)) cells are essential for the maintenance of self-tolerance and immune homeostasis. The majority of T(reg) cells is generated in the thymus as a specific subset of CD4(+) T cells, known as thymus-derived or natural T(reg) (nT(reg)) cells, in response to signals from T-cell receptors, costimulatory molecules, and cytokines. Recent studies have identified intracellula...

CD4(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T (T reg) cells comprise a separate lineage of T cells that are essential for maintaining immunological tolerance to self. The molecular mechanism(s) by which T reg cells mediate their suppressive effects remains poorly understood. One molecule that has been extensively studied in T reg cell suppression is transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, but its importance remai...

In recent years an increase of functional CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) has been established for patients with solid tumors, acute leukemias, and lymphomas. We have reported an expanded pool of CD4(+)CD25(high) T(reg) cells in patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), multiple myeloma (MM) as well as its premalignant precursor monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signif...

Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (T reg cells) effectively suppress immunity, but it is not determined if antigen-induced T reg cells (iT reg cells) are able to persist under conditions of inflammation and to stably express the transcription factor Foxp3. We used spleen cells to stimulate the mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) in the presence of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and retinoic acid. We...

In order to study the seismic wave attenuation characteristics of complex plate tectonics in and around Kanto Basin, based on focal mechanism Slab1.0 model, research area is divided into four regions. The one-step non-parametric generalized inversion technique was used analyze each region separately. results show that path earthquakes occurring shallow crust (Reg.1) weak, refraction at crust–ma...

CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (T(Reg)) play a critical role in the control of autoimmunity. However, little is known about how T(Reg) suppress self-reactive T cells in vivo, thus limiting the development of T(Reg)-based therapy for treating autoimmune diseases. This is in large part due to the dependency on a state of lymphopenia to demonstrate T(Reg)-mediated suppression in vivo and the unknow...

Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (Reg IV), a member of the Reg gene family, has been reported to be overexpressed in gastrointestinal tract cancers. Reg IV overexpression in tumor cells has been associated with carcinogenesis, tissue regeneration, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Reg IV activates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway in colon cancer ...

Regulatory T-cells (T(Reg) cells) are increased in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We investigated whether MM cells could generate and/or expand T(Reg) cells as a method of immuno-surveillance avoidance. In an in vitro model, CD4(+)CD25(-)FoxP3(-) T-cells co-cultured with malignant plasma cells (primary MM cells and cell lines) induced a significant generation of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) indu...

It has become evident that naturally occurring CD25(+) regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) not only influence self-antigen specific immune response but also dampen foreign antigen specific immunity. This report extends our previous findings by demonstrating that immunity to certain herpes simplex virus (HSV) vaccines is significantly elevated and more effective if T(reg) cell response is curtaile...