Along with urbanization and decentralization, the sustainability of metropolitan areas is considered one of the most significant challenges worldwide. Transportation-related problems, such as congestion, GHG emissions, and excessive energy consumption, have been imposing tremendous pressure on the sustainability of metropolitan areas. As a noticeable component of urban form, local residential d...

the fall of saddam in 2003, iraq's government and political system in general, and it changed the country in crisis chndsalhay swallow, so that shia power for the first time in the history of iraq and the kurdistan regional government's increased power. kurdistan is the only region of iraq before the invasion of isis (2014) in some regions, it has no impact of unsafe environment, their programs...

Regional climate models are useful tools for regional climate research. They are especially helpful for studying the effects of topography, coastlines, and other complex landsurface properties on regional climate and for simulating these effects realistically. Although regional climate modeling started more than ten years ago, improvements in model physics and performance have been slow. There ...

The main question addressed in this research is how the governance of water management developed in Delfland in the sixteenth century, both locally and regionally, and how we can explain the institutional changes that occurred. The research into the development of water management governance in Delfland in the sixteenth century has yielded a number of conclusions on the administrative relations...

In 2006/2007 Turkey became a regional power in the Middle East, a status it has continued to maintain in the context of the Arab Spring. To understand why Turkey only became a regional power under the Muslim AKP government and why this happened at the specific point in time that it did, the paper highlights the self‐reinforcing dynamics between Tur‐ key’s domestic political‐economic transfor...

The stabilisation through regional and multilateral cooperation within the framework of the European Union is the topic today. These terms are all part of standard political discourse in South East Europe, often accompanied by description of abundant initiatives by various regional or multilateral organisations. What is more often lacking is an explicit idea about how these institutional initia...