This article aims to highlight the positions of the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency regarding use and marketing of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) products, and how these have changed over recent years. In 2013, warnings from both agencies advised against use of HES in critically ill patients, including patients with sepsis, when several large randomized controlled tria...

The relevance of corporate governance principles in the management of corporate organisations cannot be underestimated. The increasing influence of principles of corporate governance across the globe has been greatly linked to the recent corporate frauds and scandals. These frauds and scandals largely resulted from the failure of authorities of countries to effectively implement the legal and r...

The activities of economic entities the public sector in conditions uncertainty are associated with many risks, which manifest themselves negative consequences, i.e., lower effectiveness executing assigned powers. Many subjective and objective factors influencing managerial decisions require knowledge methods for assessing managing risks order to reduce their consequences achieve strategic goal...

The recent review of Stevia [1] contributes to furthering the scientific database of stevia (leaf and extract), steviol glycosides, and steviol and their applications in food and beverages. The article discussed these compounds in relation to perceived pharmacological activity, their potential use as therapeutic agents, and available toxicological and clinical evidence to support safety. While ...

The paper aims to introduce the operational implications of regulatory controls to the supply chain management debate. Supply chain efficiencies may be frustrated through requirements set by organisations like Customs authorities, revenue authorities, immigration services, security forces, health and safety legislators, food and environment legislators and transport regulators. Recent security ...

This document provides a comprehensive review of information and data relevant to the environmental risk assessment of the protein phosphinothricin-N-acetyl transferase (PAT) produced in genetically engineered (GE) plants by genes isolated from Streptomyces viridochromogenes (pat gene) or Streptomyces hygroscopicus (bar gene) and presents a summary statement about the environmental safety of th...

This report presents the outcome of the evaluation of smart grid project proposals which was carried out by Expert Group 4 (EG4) of the Smart Grid Task Force. The group comprises relevant stakeholders from industry (system operators, manufacturers), regulatory authorities and Member States' representatives. National regulatory authorities have been involved in the evaluation process. The Expert...