Vertisols occur extensively in centralIndiaand have high production potentials. Because of the high clay content (40-60% or more), high bulk density (1.5-1.8 Mg m-3) and related properties, these soils have high moisture storage capacity. Conversely, these soils become very hard when dry and very sticky when wet. Since last two decades, scientists, farmers and also the policy makers have be...

the focal objective of this study is to analyze and explore the co-movement of pakistan stock market (kse-100) with the stock market of developed countries (us, uk, canada, australia, germany, japan, france and neither land) which have portfolio investment in pakistan by applying co-integration approach using johansen and juselius multivariate and bi variate co-integration. secondary data of st...

Methods We characterized climatic niches for 5784 amphibian species using databases for species distributions and climate. We estimated the niche width of each family using the range of values for climatic variables across all sampled species, and using the mean of species niche widths. We estimated diversification rates for families given their total number of described species and a timecalib...

During community assembly, species may accumulate not only by immigration, but also by in situ diversification. Diversification has intrigued biologists because its extent varies even among closely related lineages under similar ecological conditions. Recent research has suggested that some of this puzzling variation may be caused by stochastic differences in the history of immigration (relativ...

The distribution of diversity can vary considerably from clade to clade. Attempts to understand these patterns often employ state-dependent speciation and extinction models to determine whether the evolution of a particular novel trait has increased speciation rates and/or decreased extinction rates. It is still unclear, however, whether these models are uncovering important drivers of diversif...

Abstract This study investigates whether high-skilled migration in a sample of OECD countries fosters technological diversification the migrants’ origin. We focus on migrant inventors and their role as vectors knowledge remittances. Further, we particularly analyze migrants spark related or unrelated back home. To account for uneven distribution within host countries, break down analysis at met...

Climate change is often assumed to be a major driver of biodiversity loss. However, it can also set the stage for novel diversification in lineages with the evolutionary ability to colonize new environments. Here we tested if the extraordinary evolutionary success of the genus Pelargonium was related to the ability of its species to capitalize on the climate niche variation produced by the hist...

a study of substantial anthropogenic related pollution in the coastal samut prakarn province (thailand) was carried out focusing on the bang pu nature reserve (remnant mangrove wetland) using a remote sensing (geospatial) technique. statistical regression models were developed between biochemical parameters of sample point and related reflectance data obtained from satellite imagery (landsat tm...

Synopsis The process of diversification since the late Tertiary was studied by linking together well-resolved phylogenies and species distributions for tanagers (Aves, Thraupini). Species richness patterns reveal very high densities of range-restricted species in the Andes, and to a lesser extent in the Atlantic forests of south-eastern Brazil, and moderate densities of widespread species in th...

Multinational enterprises consider many factors when making decisions in the context of foreign direct investment (FDI). In deciding what to produce, the multinational enterprise (MNE) must decide whether to diversify or to concentration on its main line of business. This paper offers insights into influences on this choice, and identifies a number of conditions under which diversification is m...