Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is a technique for estimating the annual rate of exceedance of a specified ground motion at a site due to the known and suspected earthquake sources. A Monte-Carlo approach is utilized to estimate the seismic hazard at a site. This method uses numerous resampling of an earthquake catalog to construct synthetic catalogs to evaluate the ground motion hazard a...

background: hearing loss (hl) is the most frequent sensory birth defect in humans. autosomal recessive non-syn­dromic hl (arnshl) is the most common type of hereditary hl. it is extremely heterogeneous and over 70 loci (known as dfnb) have been identified. this study was launched to determine the relative contribution of more frequent loci in a cohort of arnshl families. methods: thirty-seven i...

In his Presidential Address to the European Economic Association, Tony Atkinson introduced the idea of a “Charitable Conservatism” position in public policy, which “exhibits a degree of concern for the poor, but this is the limit of the redistributional concern and there is indifference with respect to transfers above the poverty line.” This contrasts with the perspective of poverty indices, wh...

We empirically investigate the effect of the payment mechanism on contingent values by asking a willingness-to-pay question with one of three different payment mechanisms: individual contribution, contribution with provision point, and referendum. We Ž nd statistical evidence of more afŽ rmative responses in the referendum treatment relative to the individual contribution treatment, some weak s...

Agriculture resources reflected to be one of the most imperative renewable and dynamic natural resources. Agricultural sustainability has the premier priority in all countries, whether developed or developing. Cropping system analysis is indispensable for grinding the sustainability of agricultural science. Crop alternation is stated as growing one crop after another on the same piece of la...