The relief of Franz Ludwig Pfyffer, constructed between 1762 and 1786, is considered the world’s oldest large landscape model and a pioneering work of Swiss cartography. Based on Pfyffer’s own measurements, the 26 m big work represents topographically an area of almost 4100 km. The relief, which served as a basis for several printed maps issued at the end of the 18th century, is now a subject o...

UPPER AND LOVCEI~ respiratory tract obstruction, particularly as seen in acute croup, is a well-recognized paediatric emergency which requires rapid mechanical relief. Until recently the most prevalent method of achieving this was through the use of a traeheostomy, the hazards of which, particularly in the young age group, are well known. Throughout the period of this study it has been the poli...

This paper presents an algorithmic framework for feature selection, which selects a subset of features by minimizing the nonparametric Bayes error. A set of existing algorithms as well as new ones can be derived naturally from this framework. For example, we show that the Relief algorithm greedily attempts to minimize the Bayes error estimated by k-Nearest-Neighbor method. This new interpretati...

shown with this specimen demonstrating asymmetry of the vertebral arteries. The circle-of-Willis in this specimen has diffuse patches of atheroma in its walls. The final section of this tape is on the external ear, the tympanic membrane and auditory ossicles. Summary These five tapes are a magnificent learning aid for both the student and clinician. This reviewer has prepared a small specimen f...

This study of 513 mothers aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial on the use of aromatherapy during labor as a care option that could improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Pain perception was reduced in the aromatherapy group for nulliparae (first time delivery of a child). There were no associated adverse effects of using EO’s on maternal or neonatal ou...

everybody knows water as a vital material for human being. using water as a relaxation material which cause muscle smoothing and comfortable have been considered from long before. people of past centuries went to the thermal springs and immersed into them. today groups of people go to seaside for swimming in their vacation. children and adults go to pools for swimming or take a warm shower afte...

A large amount of medical waste is produced during disaster relief, posing a potential hazard to the habitat and the environment. A comprehensive understanding of the composition and characteristics of medical waste that requires management is one of the most basic steps in the development of a plan for medical waste management. Unfortunately, limited reliable information is available in the op...

BACKGROUND Epidural injection of corticosteroids is one of the most commonly used interventions in managing chronic spinal pain. However, there has been a lack of well-designed randomized, controlled studies to determine the effectiveness of epidural injections. Consequently, debate continues as to the value of epidural steroid injections in managing spinal pain. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the eff...