articular cartilage, the load-bearing tissue of the joint, has limited repair and regeneration ability. the scarcity of treatment modalities for large chondral defects has motivated researchers to engineer cartilage tissue constructs that can meet the functional demands of this tissue in vivo. cartilage tissue engineering requires 3 components: cells, scaffold, and environment. owning to their ...

background: recent reports demonstrated that intravenous route as a minimally invasive method, similar to direct injection, is suitable for bone marrow stromal cell (bmsc) transplantation. in this study, we made a comparison of intraspinal and intravenous route of bmsc administration to repair injured spinal cord tissue. methods: six groups of adult female rats were used in this study. laminect...

the aim of this article is to present a new technique of giant omphaloceles repair in neonatal period and also later in life in patients that the primary repair has been failed. from 1999 to 2006, seven consecutive children (male/female ratio 0.4) with giant omphalocele (n=6) and gastroschesis (n=2) were underwent this new operation in our center. in this technique, there were two operations. t...

objective(s): adipose derived stem cells (adscs) can be engineered to express bone specific markers. the aim of this study is to evaluate repairing tibia in animal model with differentiated osteoblasts from autologous adscs in alginate scaffold. materials and methods: in this study, 6 canine’s adscs were encapsulated in alginate and differentiated into osteoblasts. alkaline phosphatase assay (a...

introduction: to protect genomes of all organisms from internal and external damages and maintain the genome integrity and the continuity of life, repair system has been developed in all living cells. defects in repair system are responsible for various kinds of disease including cancers and neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (ms). the relationship between various components ...

The machine repair problem with spares and additional repairman is analyzed. The interfailure and repair times of the units are general identical and independently distributed. The failure and repair rates are assumed to be state dependent. Using diffusion approximation technique, we obtain the queue size distribution under steady state. The average number of failed units, average number of ope...

background major vascular injury during a spinal surgery is a rare but most dreaded complication. case presentation a 39 years old female undergoing microscopic lumbar discectomy suddenly developed severe hypotension on table. the procedure was abandoned and the patient turned supine. it was diagnosed to be a major vessel tear and the patient was taken up for immediate successful vascular repai...