Adaptation and implementation of a primary mental health project based on work with children affected by political repression in Guatemala and Argentina are described. This intervention model utilizes a variety of expressive arts techniques to help children express their thoughts and feelings about growing up in exile. The model emphasizes the training of community members in the theory and met...

T his paper examines the effect of factors on the development of commercial banking in Iraq. Seven factors used as determinates for financial depth which are per capita GDP, inflation rate, government budget deficit, share of state-owned banks of total assets as proxy of financial repression, oil sector domination, international trade openness and political stability as explanatory v...

Most case studies of nonviolent action have focussed on prominent instances of open resistance to repression, especially successful resistance. Additional insight into the dynamics of nonviolent action can be gained by studying cases when resistance has been less widespread, less visible or less effective. The value of looking at such cases is illustrated by an examination of the toppling of In...

Findings on the effect of repression political participation are mixed and inconclusive. This article addresses this puzzle by introducing conceptualizing ‘responses to repression’ as individuals’ varying willingness risk-taking continuing with activities despite possible threats. We use three-wave panel survey data focus run-up 2013 Iranian presidential elections, during which gradual decline ...

How does domestic surveillance affect the frequency of political imprisonments in autocratic states? In contrast to conventional wisdom, I argue that reduces power-maximizing autocracies. Surveillance decreases uncertainty about correct targets repression, allowing for more selective detentions and shifts silent instruments repression. To investigate these claims, draw on a unique county-level ...

State weakness can be self-reinforcing through electoral channels. Paramilitaries flourish where states are incapable of eliminating oppositional foes like insurgencies; paramilitaries can also, we argue, penetrate the state via elections and further weaken it from within. The state may thus tolerate paramilitaries initially, but find itself unable to eliminate them later. Rio de Janeiro’s poli...

How do different types of motivation influence the politics collective action? We study a model endogenous rebellion and repression to understand how individual affect participation, state repression, mechanisms by which violence affects political contention. Unlike psychological rewards, material rewards are divided among successful rebels. Thus, in settings, that decreases mobilization chance...

The subject of political repression has been a source of interest and frustration in the literature. Ideally, we would like to obtain insight into the relationship between coercion and resistance. Empirical evidence, however, has supported both theories that predict that repression will deter dissident behavior and theories that predict that brutal repression will incite protest. This paper dev...